An industrial robot is a general-purpose robot with a storage device and a terminal filling device that is capable of performing a variety of movements or processes rather than a human being. In general, workers in production are able to perform monotonous, frequent, and repetitive long-term operations, perhaps in risky and harsh environments. It is the crystallization of human ingenuity and has made an indelible contribution to the process of human industry and automation. The gearbox is the primary component of the industrial robot, and it also plays a very important role. What is the structure of the reducer and its operating principle?
In the field of mechanical transmission, the reducer is an intermediate device connecting the power supply and the drive. In general, it transmits high-speed power, such as electric motors and internal combustion engines, to higher torque, articating the input shaft to the high-speed gears of the pine output shaft. At present, mature and standardized reducers include cylindrical gear reducers, turbine reducers, planetary gear reducers, RV reducers, recirculating pin gear reducers and harmonic reducers. Since the 80s and 90s of the 20th century, the development of new professions such as aerospace, robotics and medical equipment has demanded high-performance fine conditioners, high transmission power, low noise and simple and compact stable transmission. RV reducer and harmonic reducer are two important reducers in fine reducer.
RV (Vector of Rotation) reducer
The RV reducer is developed on the basis of cycloidal rotary transmission, with a two-stage reduction and a center disc support structure. Since 1986. Since its launch in 2004, it has become a "royal" robot reducer because of its advantages such as high transmission ratio, high transmission power, high motion accuracy, small return difference, low oscillation, high rigidity and high reliability.
Harmonic reducer
The harmonic reducer consists of a harmonic generator, a flexible theory and a rigid wheel. Its operating principle is that the harmonic generator turns the flexible wheel into an adjustable elastic deformation, and transmits power through the flexible wheel and rigid wheel network to complete the deceleration policy; Depending on the various wave generators, there are cameras, rollers, and eccentric discs. The harmonic reducer has a large transmission ratio, a small profile, a small number of parts, and a high transmission power. The transmission ratio of a machine can reach 50-4000, and the transmission power can reach 92%-96%.
Planetary reducer
As the name suggests, a planetary reducer is a reducer that rotates around the sun gear. The planetary reducer is small in size, light in weight, high in bearing capacity, long in service life, stable in operation and low in noise. It features power sharing and multi-tooth networks; It is a widely used industrial product whose performance is comparable to other military planetary reducer products, but it has the price of an industrial product and is widely used in industrial cases.
The presence of a precision reducer allows the servo motor to run at the correct speed and reduces the speed precisely to the speed required by the industrial robot, improving the rigidity of the mechanical body and providing higher torque. Compared with the general reducer, the robot joint reducer has the characteristics of short transmission chain, small size, high power, light weight and convenient control. There are two types of reducers widely used in articulation robots: RV reducers and harmonic reducers.
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