Load cells are used to measure weight and can be found everywhere in our daily lives, such as at supermarket counters or on highways.
Load cells generally consist of elastomers with strain gauges. Elastomers are generally made of steel or aluminum. It is very robust and has very little elasticity. Steel or aluminum produces a certain amount of deformation under load, but then returns to its initial position, responding elastically to each load. These minimal changes can be obtained with strain gauges.
Strain gauges are electrical conductors that are firmly attached to the substrate in a tortuous manner. When the substrate is pulled, it and the electrical conductor grow longer together. When it is shortened, it becomes shorter. This will result in a change in the electrical resistance in the conductor. This strain can be determined on this basis as the resistance increases with strain and decreases with consequent shortening.
The strain gauge is firmly attached to the elastomer, so it undergoes the same movement. In the case of load cells, these strain gauges are arranged in the Wheatstone bridge. This means that the four SGs are connected to form a bridge, and the direction of the measured force is aligned with the measuring grid.
If an object is placed on or suspended from a load cell, the weight of the object can be determined. The expected load of the load cell is always in the direction of the center of the earth, i.e. the direction of gravity. That is, only the force weight in the direction of the gravity of the load can be obtained.
Load cell type:
There are many types of load cells that are suitable for different applications. Commonly used include:
Single Point Load Cell: Typically used on floor scales, which are placed underneath heavy objects.
Zigzag beam load cells: Multiple load cells are placed under the steel structure and load heavy objects from above.
Compressive Force Transducers: Multiple high-capacity load cells are placed underneath the steel structure and loaded with heavy loads from above.
Tension-oriented load cells: A weight is suspended under one or more sensors.
Many load cells have other characteristics, such as special planning or characteristics, depending on the application, for example, if the system needs to be thoroughly cleaned every day. Load cells require higher levels of protection and tightness, among other things.
Load cells can also be classified according to the type of signal transmission: Digital load cells have built-in electronics that process the measurement results and display and transmit them. In the case of analogue load cells, an additional device is required - a measuring amplifier.
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