1. The servo mechanism is an automatic control system that enables the position, orientation, state and other output controlled quantities of the object to follow the arbitrary change of the input target (or given value). Servo mainly relies on pulse to position, basically can be understood in this way, the servo motor receives 1 pulse, will rotate the angle corresponding to 1 pulse, so as to achieve displacement, because, the servo motor itself has the function of sending out pulses, so every time the servo motor rotates an angle, it will send out the corresponding number of pulses, in this way, and the pulse received by the servo motor forms an echo, or called a closed loop, so that the system will know how many pulses are sent to the servo motor, and how many pulses are received back at the same time, in this way, It can control the rotation of the motor very accurately, so as to achieve accurate positioning, which can reach 0.001mm. DC servo motors are divided into brushed and brushless motors. The brush motor has low cost, simple structure, large starting torque, wide speed regulation range, easy control, and needs maintenance, but it is inconvenient to maintain (change carbon brushes), which produces electromagnetic interference and has requirements for the environment. Therefore, it can be used in cost-sensitive general industrial and civil applications.
The brushless motor is small in size, light in weight, large in output, fast in response, high in speed, small in inertia, smooth in rotation and stable in torque. The control is complex, easy to achieve intelligence, and its electronic commutation mode is flexible, which can be square wave commutation or sine wave commutation. The motor is maintenance-free, has high efficiency, low operating temperature, low electromagnetic radiation, long life, and can be used in various environments.
2. AC servo motor is also a brushless motor, which is divided into synchronous and asynchronous motors, and synchronous motors are generally used in motion control, which has a large power range and can achieve great power. Large inertia, low maximum rotational speed, and rapid decrease as power increases. Therefore, it is suitable for applications with low-speed and stable operation.
3. The rotor inside the servo motor is a permanent magnet, and the U/V/W three-phase electricity controlled by the driver forms an electromagnetic field, and the rotor rotates under the action of this magnetic field, and at the same time, the encoder of the motor feeds back the signal to the driver, and the driver adjusts the angle of rotation of the rotor according to the comparison between the feedback value and the target value. The accuracy of the servo motor is determined by the accuracy of the encoder (number of lines).
The difference between AC servo motor and brushless DC servo motor in terms of function: AC servo is better, because it is sine wave control, and the torque ripple is small. DC servo is a trapezoidal wave. But DC servo is simpler and cheaper.
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