The role of the key reducer of industrial robots
The operation of industrial robots is mainly controlled by three parts: servo motor, reducer and manipulator, among which the reducer is used to accurately control the movement of the robot joints and transmit greater torque. At present, the common reducers are mainly divided into two types, namely the RV reducer installed in the heavy-duty position such as the large arm and shoulder of the industrial robot and the harmonic reducer installed in the forearm, wrist and hand light load position.
Industrial robot joint reducer is a device used to reduce the amount of voids and improve the accuracy of industrial robot systems. It achieves this by cutting the rotational gap between the gears. This improves accuracy when moving parts and reduces errors during movement. The importance of installing a reducer at the joints of industrial robots lies in the fact that it can improve the overall accuracy of the industrial robot system.
Industrial robot joint reducers can also provide greater torque transmission. When the joint load of the industrial robot is large, it is not cost-effective to simply add the power of the servo motor, and the output can be improved in the appropriate speed range through the reducerIn addition, the servo motor is easy to heat up and low-frequency oscillation under low-frequency operation, which is not conducive to ensuring the accurate and reliable operation of industrial robots that work for a long time and periodically.
Types of joint reducers for industrial robots
There are two common reducers in joint robots: RV reducer and harmonic reducer. Regarding industrial robots with small loads or multiple axes at the end of large robots, a harmonic reducer is a harmonic transmission device. The harmonic reducer is composed of several key parts: rigid wheel, flexible wheel, bearing and wave generator. Among them, the number of teeth of the rigid wheel is slightly greater than the number of teeth of the flexible wheel. The harmonic reducer for small robots has the characteristics of small size, light weight, large bearing capacity, high motion accuracy, and large single-stage transmission ratio.
RV reducer has the advantages of small size, strong impact resistance, large torque, high positioning accuracy, small oscillation, and large reduction ratio. Therefore, it is mainly used in industrial robots, machine tools and medical fields. In addition, it is also suitable for detection equipment, satellite receiving systems and other fields.
RV reducers are suitable for medium and heavy duty applications due to their high impact resistance and high accuracy. The RV reducer needs to transmit large torque, accept large overload impacts, and ensure the expected service life. In the planning, a relatively complex over-positioning structure is adopted, and the production process and cost control are difficult. The RV reducer does not have a force weight that is elastically deformed, so it can accept a certain amount of torque. The bearing of the RV reducer is its weak point, which is easy to break through the bearing force limit, resulting in abnormal wear or fracture of the bearing. This problem is more prominent at high speeds, so the rated torque of the RV reducer decreases significantly with the increase of input speed.
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