The most common ones are the following:
(1) Contact failure
1. The phenomenon that cannot be disconnected due to mechanical occlusion of the contact (the needle-like protrusion formed on the contact and the pit biting each other), fusion welding, or cold welding.
2. The phenomenon that the circuit cannot be turned on normally due to the increase and instability of the contact resistance.
3. The fault of the contact cannot be divided and closed due to excessive load, or too small contact capacity, or change in the nature of the load.
4. Due to the voltage is too high, or the contact opening distance becomes smaller, the contact gap re-breakdown failure.
5. Faults that cannot accurately interrupt the circuit due to the high frequency of the power supply or the large capacitance of the contact gap.
6. Contact work errors caused by various environmental conditions that do not meet the requirements.
7. Due to the lack of arc extinguishing devices or measures, or improper parameter selection, the contact is worn, or unnecessary interference is generated.
(2) Coil failure
1. Damage to the coil insulation caused by the change of ambient temperature (exceeding the specified value of technical conditions) causes the temperature rise of the coil to exceed the allowable value; severe deterioration of insulation levels due to moisture; Internal disconnection or turn-to-turn short circuit due to corrosion.
2. Coil damage due to coil voltage exceeding 110% rated voltage.
3. During the use and maintenance, the coil insulation may be damaged due to the bump of the tool, or the wire may be broken.
4. Due to the wrong coil voltage, such as the coil with a rated voltage of 110V is connected to the power supply voltage of 220V, or the AC voltage coil is connected to the DC voltage of the same level, and the coil is burned out immediately.
5. The AC coil may burn out due to the coil voltage exceeding 110% of the rated voltage, or the operating frequency is too high, or when the voltage is lower than 85% of the rated voltage, the armature cannot be attached.
6. When the AC coil is connected to the voltage, the armature may not be closed and the coil burns out due to the transmission mechanism is ineffective or stuck.
(3) Magnetic circuit failure
1. The wear of the edges and corners and the rotating shaft leads to the failure of the armature to rotate or get stuck.
2. IN SOME DC PILZ SAFETY RELAYS, DUE TO MECHANICAL WEAR OR DAMAGE TO THE NON-MAGNETIC GASKET, THE MINIMUM AIR GAP AFTER THE ARMATURE IS CLOSED BECOMES SMALLER, AND THE REMANENCE IS TOO LARGE, RESULTING IN THE FAILURE OF THE ARMATURE NOT TO BE RELEASED.
3. When the magnetic ring on the core of the AC Pilz safety relay is broken, or when the armature and the pole surface of the core are rusted or impurities invade, the armature will vibrate and produce noise.
4. In the E-type iron core of the AC Pilz safety relay, when the air gap of the center column disappears due to the wear of the cores on both sides, the armature will be stuck to the fault.
(4) Other troubleshooting
For example, various parts are deformed or loosened, mechanical damage, the plating is cracked or peeled off, the insulation between the live part and the shell is not enough, the reaction spring loses its elasticity due to fatigue, the various setting values are improperly adjusted, and the product has reached the rated life.
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