Accelerometers are the most important element in engineering vibration measurement. In the test system, the sensor is the first link of data acquisition and profiling, so the selection and correct use of the sensor will directly affect the quality and accuracy of the measured signal. Although people working with engineering vibration are aware of this concept, in practice, it is often not possible to correctly determine whether the sensor is truly reflecting the signal being measured or not for various reasons.
The sensitive core of a piezoelectric accelerometer usually consists of a piezoelectric data and an additional mass. When the mass is subjected to the acceleration effect, it is converted into a force proportional to the acceleration and loaded on the piezoelectric data, which generates a charge signal proportional to the acceleration on its surface. The properties of the piezoelectric data determine whether the force is subjected to normal or shear stress. The charge generated by the piezoelectric data changes with the direction of the force and the direction in which the charge reaches the surface. According to the different stress methods of piezoelectric data, the structure of the sensitive core of the sensor generally has the following three ways:".
Compression: A structural way in which piezoelectric data is charged by compression or tension. The compact sensitive core is the most traditional structure of an accelerometer. The utility model discloses a simple and convenient production, can occur higher natural resonant frequency and a wider frequency measurement scale. The biggest drawback is that it cannot effectively eliminate the influence of various disturbances on the measurement signal.
Shear method: A structural method in which an electric charge is generated by applying a shear force to a piezoelectric material. Theoretically, the charge signal generated by the piezoelectric data under the effect of shear force is less affected by external disturbances, so the shear structure is the most suitable accelerometer center. However, in the process of practical production, ensuring that the shear-sensitive core accelerometer has a high and stable frequency measurement scale is the most difficult part of the sensor manufacturing process. In order to obtain higher parameters, as long as the fasteners of imported memory metal data are selected, the sensor can be ensured to have a stable and reliable resonant frequency and frequency measurement scale.
Tortuous deformation of sorghum morphology: a structural method in which piezoelectric data is tortuously deformed and an electric charge is generated. The zigzag deformed sorghum structure can generate a large charge output signal, and it is easy to realize damping control, but it is rarely used in the planning of piezoelectric accelerometers because of its low measurement frequency scale and the signal drift caused by temperature change.
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