In many welding methods, because spot welding only needs to be controlled at the point position, there is no strict requirement for the moving track between the points of the welding tong, so the requirements for the robot used in spot welding are not very high, which is also one of the reasons why spot welding robots were used earlier.
However, in order to ensure the quality of welding, the fundamental requirements must still be met, for example, the spot welding robot must not only have the ability to meet the load, but also the speed should be fast, the action should be stable, and the positioning should be accurate when shifting between points, so as to reduce the moment of displacement and improve work efficiency.
In the practice of welding, the spot welding robot needs to have a large load, mainly depends on the welding tong used, for the welding tong separated from the transformer, the robot with a load of 30-45kg is satisfied. However, on the one hand, because of the long secondary cable and large power loss, this kind of welding tong is not conducive to the robot to extend the welding tong into the workpiece for welding; On the other hand, the cable keeps swaying with the movement of the robot, and the cable is damaged quickly. Therefore, the one-piece welding tong is gradually replacing it.
Considering that the spot welding robot must have a satisfactory load ability, in order to send the welding tong to the space direction for welding with a large acceleration, a heavy-duty robot with a load of 100-150kg is generally selected. In order to adapt to the requirements of short-distance rapid displacement of welding tongs during continuous spot welding, some heavy-duty robots have added the function of completing 50mm displacement within 0.3s, which also puts forward higher requirements for the function of the motor, the calculation speed and algorithm of the microcomputer.
Because the spot welding robot chooses an integrated welding tong, and the welding transformer is installed behind the welding tong, the transformer must be miniaturized as much as possible. For transformers with small capacity, 50Hz power frequency communication can be used, and for transformers with larger capacity, inverter skills have been used to change 50Hz power frequency communication to 600-700Hz communication, so that the volume of the transformer can be reduced and reduced.
The welding tongs of other spot welding robots usually use pneumatic welding tongs, and the opening between the two electrodes of the pneumatic welding tongs is generally only two strokes; Moreover, once the electrode pressure is adjusted, it cannot be changed arbitrarily, which helps to improve the quality of spot welding.
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