Introduction to Robot Architecture - OTC Odichi

Create Date: 2024-8-30 12:03:23|Source: OTC/Odichi

Intelligent robot is an intelligent, highly sensitive, automated machine, with the ability of perception, planning, action, coordination, etc., is a variety of high-tech integration. Intelligent robots try to teach the products of a high degree of combination of physical labor and intellectual labor, and build an artificial machine that can "think".

Robot architecture refers to the structural approach of one or more robots in terms of information processing and control logic for the completion of the specified policy.

                               Introduction to Robot Architecture - OTC Odichi

1. Differentiation according to function

According to the architecture of functional differentiation, it is attributed to the traditional prudent intelligence in artificial intelligence, which is reflected in serial dispersion in structure, and asynchronous fulfillment in the fulfillment method, that is, information processing and control completion in the form of "perception, planning, and action". It is typical of the NASR human MtI proposed by the United States China National Space Administration and the United States National Bureau of Standards]. The advantage of this architecture is that the function of the system is clear. The hierarchy is clear, and the end is brief. However, Shenxing's approach greatly extended the response time of the system to external matters, and changes in the environment led to the need for re-planning, which then reduced the efficiency of implementation. Therefore, it is only suitable for completing more complex jobs in a known structured environment.

2. Differentiation according to behavior

The architecture differentiated according to behavior is attributed to modern reactive intelligence in artificial intelligence, which is embodied in parallel (accommodating) distribution in structure, and synchronous fulfillment in fulfillment method, that is, information processing and control are carried out in parallel in the form of "perception and action". Typical examples are the Subsumption Architecture proposed by R.A. Brooks of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the architecture based on MotorSc hema proposed by Arkin. Its primary advantages are short fulfillment time, high efficiency and high mobility. However, due to the lack of overall handling, it is difficult to adapt to various situations. Therefore, it is only suitable for performing a relatively simple mission in the Mutao environment.

3. Differentiation according to the dispersion of intelligence

According to the architecture of intelligence dispersion, it is attributed to the latest distributed intelligence in artificial intelligence, which is reflected in the structure of decentralized dispersion and collaborative fulfillment in fulfillment, which can not only complete the solution of their own local problems independently, but also solve single or multiple global problems through collaboration. It is typical of the architecture according to the multi-agent. The advantage of this architecture is that it has both the characteristics of "intelligent dispersion" and the unified harmony mechanism. However, how to rationally divide and harmonize among various agents still requires a lot of discussion and practice. This architecture has a wide range of applications in many large-scale intelligent information processing systems.

In addition to the above three types of primary architectures, there are also some improved hybrid architectures, such as behavioral differentiation with feedback links, hierarchical architectures based on distributed intelligence, multi-agent architectures based on utility, and so on. However, on the whole, they either lack the sensitivity and scalability of functional modules, or do not have a good harmony between thoughtful intelligence and reactive intelligence, or the communication mechanism between various levels is not perfect.

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