1. Why do I need to adjust the parameters at any time when welding stainless steel?
When welding stainless steel, the primary reason why welders can adjust the welding parameters (voltage, current, arc length, induction coefficient, pulse width, etc.) at any time is the mismatched composition of the welding consumables.
Chemical composition is important, and batch-to-batch differences in composition can make up for significant differences in welding behavior, such as wetness and slag removal.
Weld material diameter, surface cleanliness, pouring function, and spiral shape can all affect the welding behavior at GMAW and FCAW.
2. How to weld duplex stainless steel more easily?
Typically, the austenitic phase and ferrite phase in the structure of duplex stainless steel each account for about 50%. The presence of the ferrite phase improves strength and stress corrosion resistance, while the austenitic phase improves resistance. The combined effect of the two phases makes the duplex stainless steel even more functional. Duplex stainless steels range from 2205 to 22% Cr, 5% Ni, 3% Mo and 0.15% N.
When welding duplex stainless steels, the presence of too much ferrite may pose a problem (the heat of the arc causes the atoms in the ferrite matrix to be sequenced de novo). For this reason, welding consumables are required to supply more austenitic constituent elements, typically 2-4% Ni higher than the base metal. For example, flux-cored wire used to weld 2205 stainless steel contains 8.85% Ni.
After welding, the ferrite content in the weld is between 25-55% (or perhaps higher). Note: The cooling rate after welding should be slow enough for the austenite to be formed de initio, but not too slowly, as it will precipitate the intermetallic phase, and not too fast, as too fast will produce too much ferrite in the heat-affected zone. The welding process and welding consumables selection manual supplied by the manufacturer must be followed.
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