The process measures to reduce the welding stress and deformation of welding robots mainly include:
1. Heating "subtraction zone" method
Before welding, the welding robot is heated in the area near the welding part (the reduction zone) to make it elongated, and when it is cooled after welding, the heating zone is shortened together with the weld, which can effectively reduce the welding stress and deformation of the welding robot.
2. Hammer weld method
In the cooling process of the weld, the weld is hammered evenly and quickly with a round head hammer to make the metal plastically extend and deform, offset a part of the shortened deformation of welding, and then reduce the welding stress and deformation.
3. Preheating before welding and slow cooling after welding of welding robots
The intention of preheating is to reduce the temperature difference between the weld area and other parts of the weldment, reduce the cooling rate of the weld area, so that the weldment can be cooled down more evenly, and then reduce the welding stress and deformation.
4. Reserve to shorten the amount of deformation
According to the theoretical accounting and practical experience, the shortening margin is considered in advance when the welding robot weldment is prepared and processed, so that the welded workpiece can reach the required shape and scale.
5. Rigid fixation method
When the welding robot welds, the weldment is rigidly fixed, and the rigid fixation is removed after the weldment is cooled to room temperature after welding, which can prevent angular deformation and wave deformation. This method will increase the welding stress and is only suitable for low-carbon steel structures with good plasticity.
6. Anti-deformation method
According to the theoretical accounting and practical experience, the direction and size of the welding deformation of the welding robot structure are estimated in advance, and then a preset deformation with the opposite direction and equal size is given during welding installation to offset the deformation after welding.
7. Choose a reasonable welding sequence
Try to shorten the weld seam freely. When welding structural parts with many welds, the welding robot should first weld the staggered short weld, and then weld the straight through long weld to prevent cracks at the junction of the welds. If the weld is long, the gradual desoldering method and skip welding method can be used to make the temperature spread more evenly, and then reduce the welding stress and deformation.
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