1. The overload capacity of the transistor is less than the overload capacity of the relay
In general, in the case of a large inrush current (e.g., bulbs, inductive loads, etc.), the transistor overload capability is smaller, and more derating is required.
2. Under the rated working condition, the relay has the life of the number of actions, and the transistor only ages and has no limit on the number of times it can be used
Relays are mechanical components so they have a life span, while transistors are electronic components that only age and have no limit on the number of times they can be used. There is also a limit to the number of switches per minute for relays, while transistors do not.
3. The load voltage and current types are different
Load type: Transistors can only carry DC loads, while relays can carry both AC and DC loads.
Current: Transistor current 0.2A-0.3A, relay 2A.
Voltage: The transistor can be connected to DC 24V (generally the maximum is about 30V DC, and the relay can be connected to DC 24V or AC 220V.)
4. The response speed of the transistor is faster than that of the relay
The principle of the relay output type is that the CPU drives the relay coil to make the contacts engage, so that the external power supply drives the external load through the closed contacts, and the open circuit leakage current is zero, and the response time is slow (about 10ms).
5. The load capacity is different
The ability of a transistor to carry a load is less than that of a relay, and when using a transistor, sometimes it is necessary to add other things to drive a large load (such as relays, solid state relays, etc.).
summary
The transistor output type principle is that the CPU turns the transistor on and off through optical coupling to control the external DC load, and the response time is fast (about 0.2ms or even less). Transistor output is generally used for high-speed output, such as servo/stepper, etc., for output with high action frequency: such as temperature PID control, mainly used in stepper motor control, there are also servo control, and solenoid valve control (valve action frequency is high). Transistors are mainly used for positioning control, and the output of the crystal is used to send out pulses. The relay cannot be used to send out pulses, so it cannot be positioned and controlled. If the relay is used to control the positioning servo or stepper, the positioning module must be added, which is not cost-effective. With a transistor output, you can control servos, etc.
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