Introduction of differential pressure sensors

Create Date: 2024-8-30 12:03:23|Source: P+F/Double Blessing

A differential pressure sensor is a sensor used to measure the difference between two pressures, and is generally used to measure the pressure difference between the front and back ends of a certain equipment or component.

It is mainly used to measure the exhaust pressure difference between the front and rear channels of the exhaust particle trap (DPF) of the car engine.

In order to meet the requirements of the emission code, the general method is to place a trap in the exhaust emission part of the car to capture the fine particles in the exhaust. The disadvantage of this approach is that the exhaust gas emission channel will gradually become blocked as the trapped particles accumulate. The way to remove these accumulated particles is to increase the temperature of the exhaust gases by injecting rated fuel oil in a certain direction of the channel or directly in the exhaust gas, and in the presence of a catalyst in the trap, the exhaust gases are high enough to burn and vaporize the accumulated particles. This cleaning process is known as the "regeneration" process. There is a problem with this process, the "regeneration" process is too frequent, which increases fuel consumption; If the distance is too long, the engine function will be reduced. Therefore, it is important to choose a reasonable "regeneration" trigger time.

                               Introduction of differential pressure sensors

The differential pressure sensor sends a differential pressure signal to the ECU, which determines the degree of accumulation of particles in the trap based on this differential pressure difference, and determines the "regeneration" trigger time and the rated fuel injection amount. At the same time, the ECU can also control the temperature of the exhaust gas by controlling the EGR valve.

In addition, differential pressure sensors can also be used to measure gas flow and liquid level concave and convex levels.

The method of measuring gas flow rate obtains the static pressure of the flow tube through the difference between the pressure of the flow tube and the atmospheric pressure, and the square root of the static pressure is proportional to the flow rate, so as to obtain the flow rate.

The liquid level concave and convex measurement method measures the pressure difference value of the concave and convex liquid surface, and then converts the liquid level height according to the liquid density.

There are some things that need to be paid attention to in the application of differential pressure sensors, such as:

The measured medium is not allowed to freeze, otherwise it will damage the sensor element isolation diaphragm and cause damage to the transmitter, and if necessary, the transmitter should be temperature protected to prevent freezing;

Do not use a voltage higher than 36V to the transmitter, resulting in damage to the transmitter; When measuring steam or other high-temperature medium, the temperature should not exceed the limit temperature of the transmitter, and it is necessary to use a heat dissipation device higher than the limit temperature of the transmitter;

When measuring steam or other high-temperature media, heat pipes should be used to connect the transmitter and the pipeline, and the pressure on the pipeline should be transmitted to the transformer;

When the measured medium is water vapor, an appropriate amount of water should be injected into the heat pipe to prevent the superheated steam from directly contacting the transmitter and damaging the sensor.

Do not touch the diaphragm with a hard object, resulting in damage to the diaphragm, etc.

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