Special attention should be paid to the following matters when the motor is regularly inspected during use:
1. The area around the motor should be kept dry, and no other objects should be placed inside and outside it
The cleaning of the motor shall not be less than once a month, and the dust inside should be blown off with compressed air, especially the commutator, coil connection wire and lead part.
2. Maintenance of the commutator
(1) The commutator should be a cylindrical surface, and there should be no traces of mechanical damage and burning.
(2) After the commutator runs without sparks for a long time under load, a layer of brown shiny hard film is produced on the surface, which is a normal phenomenon, it can protect the wear of the commutator, this film must be protected, and can not be rubbed with an abrasive cloth.
(3) If the surface of the commutator is rough or scorched, you can use a No. 0 abrasive cloth to grind the surface of the rotating commutator finely. If the surface of the commutator is too rough, uneven, not round or partially concave, the commutator should be turned, the turning speed is not more than 1.5m/s, the turning depth and the amount of feed per revolution are not more than 0.1mm, and the commutator should not move axially during turning.
(4) When the surface of the commutator is worn a lot, or after turning, it is found that the mica sheet is protruding, and the mica sheet should be milled into a groove of 1-1.5mm with a milling cutter.
(5) When the commutator is turned or the mica sheet is engraved, the copper chips and dust must be prevented from invading the armature. This is because the end of the armature coil and the connector should be covered. After processing, it is cleaned with compressed air.
3. Use of brushes
(1) There should be good contact between the brushes and the working surface of the commutator, and the brush pressure should be normal. The brush should be able to slide freely within the brush grip. When the brush is worn or damaged, it should be replaced with a brush of the same grade and size as the original, and grinding with a "0" abrasive cloth, the abrasive cloth is facing the brush, the back is close to the commutator, and the grinding is moved back and forth with the commutator.
(2) After grinding the brush, clean it with compressed air, then make the motor run at no load, and then run it with a light load (1/4-1/3 of the rated load) for 1 hour, so that the brush can get a good contact surface on the commutator (the contact area of each brush is not less than 57%).
4. Maintenance of bearings
(1) When the temperature of the bearing is too high during operation, or when it emits harmful noise, it means that it may be damaged or there is foreign object intrusion, and the bearing should be removed for cleaning and inspection, and when it is found that the steel ball or slide ring is cracked and damaged or the bearing has not changed after cleaning, the new bearing must be replaced. After 2000-2500 hours of bearing work, the new grease should be replaced, but not less than once a year.
(2) The bearing shall be protected from dust and moisture ingress during operation, and any impact on the inner or outer ring of the bearing shall be strictly prohibited.
5. Insulation resistance
(1) The insulation resistance of the motor should be checked frequently, if the insulation resistance is less than 1MΩ, the dirt and dust on the insulation should be carefully removed, and removed with gasoline, toluene or carbon tetrachloride, and then coated with insulating paint after drying.
(2) If necessary, the hot air drying method can be used, and the hot air (80 °C) can be sent into the motor with a fan for drying, and the insulation resistance will begin to decrease, then increase, and finally tend to stabilize.
6. Ventilation system
The stator temperature rise should be checked frequently to judge whether the ventilation system is normal and whether the air volume is sufficient.
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