1. Fault phenomenon:
The uneven distribution of the magnetic field of the ions, the unbalanced three-phase current aggravates the vibration and noise of the motor during operation, and the motor cannot be started when it is serious, and a large short-circuit current is generated in the short-circuit coil, which causes the coil to heat up rapidly and burn out.
2. Causes:
The motor is overloaded for a long time, so that the insulation aging loses the insulation effect; Insulation damage caused by wire embedding; The insulation resistance decreases due to moisture in the windings, resulting in insulation breakdown; The end and interlayer insulation are not properly padded or damaged during shaping; Insulation of the end connection wires is damaged; overvoltage or lightning strikes to break down the insulation; The end of the rotor and stator windings rub against each other, causing insulation damage; Metal foreign matter falls inside the motor and there is too much oil.
3. Inspection method:
(1) External observation method. Observe whether the junction box and the end of the winding are burnt, and the winding is overheated, leaving a dark brown color and a foul smell.
(2) Temperature detection method. Run without load for 20 minutes (stop immediately when abnormality is found), and touch each part of the winding with the back of your hand to see if it exceeds the normal temperature.
(3) Energizing test method. Measured with an ammeter, if the current of a certain phase is too large, it means that there is a short circuit in the phase.
(4) Bridge inspection. Measure the DC resistance of a winding, generally the difference should not exceed 5%, if exceeded, the resistance of the small phase has a short circuit fault.
(5) Short-circuit reconnaissance method. If there is a short circuit in the winding to be measured, the steel sheet will vibrate.
(6) Multimeter or megohmmeter method. If the reading is very small or zero, it means that there is a short circuit between the two phase windings. (7) Voltage drop method. After connecting the three windings in series, a low-voltage safe alternating current is passed, and the group with a small measured reading has a short-circuit fault. (8) Current method. The motor runs at no load, first measures the three-phase current, measures and compares the two-phase in the exchange, if it does not change with the power supply, the one-phase winding with the larger current has a short circuit.
4. Short circuit handling method
(1) The short circuit point is at the end. The short circuit points can be separated with insulating materials, or the insulated wire can be re-wrapped and re-painted and dried.
(2) Short circuit in the wire slot. After softening it, find out the short circuit point to fix it, put it back into the trunking, and then paint and dry.
(3) For each phase winding with less than 1/12 turns of the short line, cut off all the short lines when the number of turns is connected in series, and connect the conduction part to form a closed loop for emergency use.
(4) When the number of turns of the winding short circuit exceeds 1/12, it should be dismantled and rewound.
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