1. First confirm the installation environment of the inverter
I. Operating temperature. The inverter is a high-power electronic component, which is very susceptible to the influence of working temperature, and the product is generally required to be 0-55 °C, but in order to ensure the safety and reliability of the work, it should be considered to leave room for use, and it is better to control it below 40 °C. In the control box, the inverter should generally be installed on the upper part of the box, and strictly abide by the installation requirements in the product manual.
II. Ambient temperature. When the temperature is too high and the temperature changes greatly, the inverter is prone to condensation, and its insulation performance will be greatly reduced, and it may even cause a short circuit accident. If necessary, a desiccant and a heater must be added to the box. In the water treatment room, water vapor is generally heavier, and if the temperature changes greatly, this problem will be more prominent.
III. Corrosive gases. If the concentration of corrosive gas is high in the use environment, it will not only corrode the leads and printed circuit boards of components, but also accelerate the aging of plastic devices and reduce the insulation performance.
IV. Vibration and Shock. Control cabinets equipped with frequency converters are subjected to mechanical vibrations and shocks, which can cause poor electrical contact.
Huai'an Thermal Power has such a problem. At this time, in addition to improving the mechanical strength of the control cabinet and keeping it away from vibration sources and shock sources, it is also necessary to use anti-seismic rubber pads to fix the components that generate vibration such as electromagnetic switches outside and inside the control cabinet. After the equipment has been running for a period of time, it should be inspected and maintained.
V. Electromagnetic interference. Due to the rectification and frequency conversion in the work of the inverter, a lot of interference electromagnetic waves are generated around, and these high-frequency electromagnetic waves have certain interference to nearby instruments and instruments. Therefore, the instrument and electronic system in the cabinet should be made of metal shell to shield the interference of the inverter to the instrument. All components should be reliably grounded, in addition, the connection between the electrical components, instruments and meters should be shielded control cables, and the shielding layer should be grounded. If electromagnetic interference is not handled well, the entire system often fails to work, resulting in the failure or damage of the control unit.
2. The distance between the inverter and the motor determines the cable and wiring method
I. The distance between the inverter and the motor should be as short as possible. This reduces the cable's capacitance to ground and reduces the sources of interference.
II. The control cable is shielded cable, the power cable is shielded cable, or all from the inverter to the motor are shielded with a conduit.
III. The motor cable should be independent of other cable routing, and its minimum distance is 500mm. At the same time, the motor cable and other cables should be avoided to travel horizontally for a long time, so as to reduce the electromagnetic interference caused by the rapid change of the output voltage of the inverter. If the control cable and the power cable cross, they should be crossed at a 90-degree angle as much as possible. The analogue signal lines associated with the frequency converter are routed separately from the main return route, even in the control cabinet.
IV. The analog signal line related to the inverter is better to use the shielded twisted pair, and the power cable is the shielded three-core cable (its specifications are larger than the cable of the ordinary motor) or follow the user manual of the inverter.
3. Schematic diagram of inverter control
I. Main circuit: the function of the reactor is to prevent the higher harmonics generated by the inverter from returning to the power grid through the input circuit of the power supply and thus affecting other powered equipment, it is necessary to decide whether the reactor is needed according to the capacity of the inverter; the filter is installed at the output end of the inverter, reduce the higher harmonics output of the inverter, when the distance from the inverter to the motor is far, the filter should be installed. Although the inverter itself has a variety of protection functions, but the lack of phase protection is not perfect, the circuit breaker plays an overload in the main circuit, the lack of phase equal protection, the selection can be selected according to the capacity of the inverter. Thermal relays can be replaced by overload protection from the inverter itself.
II. Control loop: manual switching with power frequency conversion, so that when the frequency conversion fails, the frequency can be manually cut to run, because the output terminal can not be voltaged, the fixed power frequency and the frequency conversion should be interlocked.
4. Grounding of the inverter
The correct grounding of the inverter is an important means to improve the stability of the system and suppress the noise ability. The smaller the grounding resistance of the grounding terminal of the inverter, the better, and the cross-section of the grounding wire is not less than 4mm, and the length is not more than 5m. The grounding of the inverter should be separated from the grounding point of the power equipment and should not be on the same ground. One end of the shield of the signal line is connected to the ground end of the inverter, and the other end floats. The frequency converter and the control cabinet are electrically connected.
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