1. Pick up and place
For workers, manual pick-and-place should be one of today's repetitive tasks. Tedious operations can easily lead to worker errors, while highly repetitive body movements can easily lead to physical fatigue and injury. Starting with pick-and-place tasks, the application of cobots is a great start to reducing repetitive work for workers. A pick-and-place task refers to picking up a workpiece and placing it in another location. In practice, this operation can be used to pick up items from pallets or conveyor belts for packaging or sorting. Picking up from conveyor belts also requires advanced vision system support. Pick-and-place cobots require an end-effector to grip the object, which can be a gripper or vacuum cup device.
2. Equipment care
Equipment care requires workers to stand for long periods of time in front of CNC machines, injection molding machines, or other similar equipment to keep an eye on the machine's operational needs, such as changing tools or replenishing raw materials. This process is time-consuming and tedious for the operator. In this case, the use of cobots not only frees up employees, but also increases productivity by allowing one cobot to maintain multiple machines. Nursing cobots require device-specific I/O docking hardware. These hardware indicate when the robot will move on to the next cycle of production or when it needs to replenish the raw material.
3. Packaging and palletizing
The packaging and palletizing of products is a subcategory within the Pick & Place category. Before a product leaves the factory floor, it needs to be properly prepared for shipping, including shrink wrapping, box assembly and loading, box sorting, and pallet placement for shipment. This type of work has a high repetition rate and involves some small loads, making it ideal for replacing manual work with cobots. Fast product changeovers are key to the business of high- and low-volume mass production companies. This application requires the use of conveyor tracking to synchronize the movement of the robot and the conveyor. For products with inconsistent shapes, the application also needs to be combined with a vision system.
4. Processing operations
Machining is any process that requires the use of tools to manipulate the workpiece. Cobots are commonly used in gluing processing, dispensing, and welding processes. Each of these machining tasks requires the use of tools to complete a fixed path repeatedly. These tasks require a significant amount of time to train new employees to meet the requirements of the finished product. With cobots, it is possible to program one robot and copy it to other robots. Cobots also solve the problem of precision and repetitive actions performed by workers. Traditional welding robotic systems usually require operators to have very good robot programming and welding knowledge.
The advantage of the cobot system is that it simplifies the programming, which can be achieved only through the method of location and orientation recording or traditional CAD/CAM programming, simplifying the robot programming and allowing workers with only welding experience to complete the cobot programming. The interface with Polyscope helps to maintain a stable TCP speed, ensuring that the robot can feed the raw material at a constant speed. Depending on the type of fixed torch, sealant, glue, or solder paste, the terminator actuator for the robot application varies.
5. Finishing operations
Manual finishing operations must be done using hand tools and are often laborious. Vibrations generated by the tool can also cause injury to the operator. Cobots can provide the force, repeatability, and degree needed for finishing. The types of finishing that can be done by robots include polishing, grinding, deburring. The robot can be taught to complete the corresponding actions by manual teaching or computer programming. The cobot has a force control system that makes the robot more durable. Finishing of parts of different sizes can be achieved by means of an end-effector or a built-in force sensing device.
6. Quality inspection
Finally, cobots can also perform quality inspections on parts. This process typically involves a comprehensive inspection of the finished part, a high-resolution image inspection of the precision machined part, and a comparison of the part with the CAD model. Fixing multiple high-resolution cameras on the cobot automates the quality inspection process and enables fast inspection results. Using cobots for inspection results in high-quality inspections and more accurate production batches. Completing the inspection requires the installation of an end-effector with a high-resolution camera, a vision system, and software.
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