Conversion conditions: The purpose of requiring dual power supplies is to complete the automatic and reliable conversion of dual power supplies under "specific" circumstances. This "specific condition" is the conversion premise of the dual power supply, or the conversion condition, which is the primary consideration for choosing the dual power supply.
A. Conversion in the event of a power failure
Since there are many types of power failures, it is important to know which fault conditions require switching.
Because of the complexity of user needs, general suppliers provide a variety of functional controllers, therefore, the design must be based on the load to the power quality requirements clearly indicate the conversion conditions, otherwise, because the owner does not know much about the dual power supply and the chaos of the dual power automatic transfer switch market supply, resulting in the final use of the product can often only be converted under the condition of complete power loss, and other power failures (including phase loss, over-undervoltage, etc.) will not be converted, losing the meaning of conversion.
Note: Because the function of the dual-power automatic transfer switch has not been standardized, the design only marks the product model, and does not ensure that the user understands the conversion conditions of the selected model, resulting in a large difference between the actual selected product and the design requirements, and it is recommended to indicate the conversion conditions in the design. For example, arbitrary phase deficiency, overvoltage, undervoltage, frequency deviation, harmonics, etc., among which, the necessary conversion of any phase is the minimum requirement. The high-end controller can even comprehensively check the quality of two power supplies, and automatically connect to one power supply with higher power quality.
B. Conversion of power supply without fault
This is a problem that many users (and even manufacturers) ignore.
Controllers for dual-supply automatic transfer switches must be able to recognize transient fluctuations in various voltages, including short-term voltage loss due to non-power failures. For example, the switching of the low-voltage distribution bus tie switch in the substation room is a normal power interruption, and the power failure when the bus tie switch switching should not be judged as a power failure, and it is necessary to be able to determine this "normal" power failure.
The controller must pass the EMC test and cannot malfunction under external electromagnetic interference.
Note: The conversion condition is determined by the function of the controller, and the judgment method of the power failure (including the identification of the fault type) is the core technology of the controller, and the general product information will not be introduced, completely depending on the manufacturer's R&D level and industry experience, and the designer needs to understand the judgment mechanism of the product. Conversion time Dual power automatic transfer switch Every conversion is a power-off process that will have some impact on the system.
From the standard point of view, there are five conversion time concepts, and there are two conversion time concepts that are the most useful: one is the minimum power-off time (determined by the mechanism of the switch body), and the other is the total conversion time (that is, the body conversion time + controller delay time).
Different loads and power conditions have different requirements that need to be paid attention to.
When confirming the conversion time, it should be noted that there are two time transition states, one is from the primary power supply to the standby power supply, and the other is from the standby power supply back to the common power supply.
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