1. Contact failure
(1) The phenomenon that cannot be disconnected due to mechanical occlusion of the contact (the needle-like protrusion and pit formed on the contact bite each other), fusion welding, or cold welding.
(2) The contact of the relay is worn or unnecessarily interfered due to the lack of arc extinguishing devices or measures, or improper parameter selection.
(3) The fault of the contact cannot be divided and closed due to excessive load, or too small contact capacity, or change in the nature of the load.
(4) The fault of the circuit cannot be accurately interrupted due to the high frequency of the power supply or the excessive capacitance of the contact gap.
(5) The fault of re-breakdown of the contact gap occurs due to the voltage being too high or the contact opening distance becoming smaller.
(6) The phenomenon that the circuit cannot be turned on normally due to the increase of contact resistance and instability.
(7) Due to various environmental conditions do not meet the requirements and cause the error of contact work.
2. Coil failure
(1) The coil temperature rise of the relay exceeds the allowable value due to the change of ambient temperature (exceeding the specified value of technical conditions) and causes damage to the coil insulation: such as moisture causes a serious reduction in the insulation level, and corrosion causes internal disconnection or inter-turn short circuit.
(2) Due to the wrong coil voltage, such as the coil with a rated voltage of 110V is connected to the power supply voltage of 220V, or the AC voltage coil is connected to the DC voltage of the same level, the coil will be burned out immediately.
(3) The AC coil may burn out due to the coil voltage exceeding 110% of the rated voltage, or the operating frequency is too high, or when the voltage is lower than 85% of the rated voltage, the armature cannot be attached.
(4) When the AC coil is connected to the voltage, the armature may not be closed and the coil burns out due to the failure of the transmission mechanism or stuck.
(5) During use and maintenance, the coil insulation may be damaged due to the bump of the tool, or the wire may be broken.
(6) Coil damage due to coil voltage exceeding 110% of the rated voltage.
3. Magnetic circuit failure
(1) In some DC relays, due to mechanical wear or damage to the non-magnetic gasket, the minimum air gap after the armature is closed becomes smaller, and the remanence is too large, resulting in the failure that the armature cannot be released.
(2) When the magnetic ring on the core of the AC relay is broken, or the armature and the pole surface of the core are rusted or impurities invade, it will cause the armature to vibrate and produce noise.
(3) In the E-type core of the AC relay, when the air gap of the center column disappears due to the wear of the cores on both sides, the armature will be stuck to the fault.
(4) The wear of the edges and corners and the rotating shaft leads to the failure of the armature to rotate or get stuck.
4. The parameters are unstable
A considerable part of the parts of the electromagnetic relay are riveted and matched, and the main problem is that the riveting place is loose or the bonding strength is poor. This kind of problem will make the relay parameters unstable, the parameters change greatly at high and low temperatures, and the resistance to mechanical vibration and impact is poor. The main reasons for this problem are the out-of-tolerance of riveted parts, improper placement of parts, unqualified quality of tools or inaccurate installation. Therefore, before riveting and welding, it is necessary to carefully check whether the tool and the riveted parts meet the requirements.
5. Damage to glass insulators
The glass insulator is made of metal prongs and glass sintering, which is easy to bend the prongs during inspection, assembly, adjustment, transportation and cleaning, and the glass insulators fall off and crack, resulting in air leakage and the insulation and voltage resistance are reduced, and the rotation of the prongs will also cause the displacement of the contact reeds, which will affect the reliable on-off of the product. This requires the operator of the assembly to handle with care during the whole process of relay production, the parts should be neatly arranged in the transfer box, and the pins are not allowed to be pulled or twisted when assembling or adjusting.
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Siemens APT relays – classified according to the protection characteristics of the relays
(1) Sealed relay: Relay with low leakage rate by welding or other methods to seal the contacts and coils in the cover and isolate them from the surrounding medium.
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2. Open the relay cover: Open the relay cover, you can see the inside of the relay.
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At...
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First of all, the type of relay is selected according to the work requirements of the object to be controlled or protected, and then the appropriate series is selected according to the sensitivity or accuracy requirements. When choosing a series, you should also pay attention to the compatibility of the relay with the system.
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OK
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Siemens APT Relays – Testing of Relays
(1) Measure the resistance of the contact: use the resistance of the multimeter to measure the resistance of the normally closed contact and the moving point, and the resistance value should be 0; The resistance between the normally open contact and the moving point is infinite. From this, it is possible to distinguish which is a normally closed contact and which is normally open.
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merit
1. High life, high reliability: solid state relay has no mechanical parts, the contact function is completed by solid devices, because there are no moving parts, so it can work in a high impact and vibration environment.
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Siemens APT Relays – The difference between AC relays and DC relays
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