The drive system of industrial robots is divided into three categories: hydraulic, pneumatic and electric according to the power source, and can also be combined into a composite drive system by these three basic types according to needs, each with its own characteristics.
1. Pneumatic drive system
The force drive system generally consists of cylinders, valves, fuel tanks and air compressors (or directly supplied by air pressure stations) | And so on, so that condensed air drives the performance organization to operate. Its advantages are convenient air source, fast action, simple structure, low cost, convenient maintenance, fire and explosion-proof, air slip has no impact on the environment, the defect is small working force, large volume, and due to air compression, the speed is not easy to control, slow response, unstable action, impact. Since the origin pressure is generally only about 60MPa, this robot is suitable for occasions where the gripping force is small.
2. Hydraulic drive system
The hydraulic drive system is generally composed of hydraulic motors (various cylinders, oil motors), servo valves, oil systems, oil tanks, etc., and the oil is used to drive the performance organization for operation. It is characterized by large working force, small size, sensitive transmission and action, impact resistance, oscillation resistance, and good explosion-proof. The gripping capacity of hydraulically driven robots is much larger than that of force-driven robots, up to hundreds of kilograms. However, the hydraulic drive system has high requirements for sealing, which is not suitable for work in high and low temperature situations, requiring high production accuracy and high cost.
3. Electric drive system
Electric drive is the torque generated using an electric motor. Drive the robot directly or through a deceleration organization to achieve the desired position, speed and acceleration. The electric drive has a control scheme with easy power supply, no environmental pollution, fast response speed, large driving force, convenient signal detection, transmission and processing, and a variety of spiritual words can be selected, with high movement accuracy, low cost, and driving efficiency, which is a driving method used by robots now. The drive motor generally adopts stepper motor, DC servo motor and communication servo motor. Because of the high speed of the motor, it is generally necessary to choose a reduction organization, and now some organizations have begun to choose a special motor that does not require a direct drive of the reduction organization, which can not only simplify the organization, but also improve the control accuracy.
4. Other driving methods
Choose hybrid drives, i.e. liquid, gas or electric, gas hybrid drives, etc.
The drive system of industrial robots is a device that provides power for each component of the fulfillment system, including the drive and transmission organization, which are generally connected to the fulfillment organization. Drives typically have electric, hydraulic, pneumatic units and induction systems that combine them together. Commonly used transmission structures include harmonic transmission, lead screw transmission, chain transmission, belt transmission and various gear transmissions.
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