Mobile robots need to obtain information about surrounding obstacles in real time through sensors, including scale, shape, and orientation information, to complete obstacle avoidance. There are many kinds of sensors used in obstacle avoidance, and the common ones are vision sensors, laser sensors, infrared sensors, ultrasonic sensors, etc.
Ultrasonic sensors
The basic principle of the ultrasonic sensor is to measure the flight time of the ultrasonic wave, and measure the distance through d = vt/2, where d is the distance, v is the speed of sound, and t is the flight time. Because of its low cost, simple completion method and mature skills, ultrasonic sensors are commonly used sensors in mobile robots.
Infrared sensor
The general infrared ranging adopts the principle of triangulation ranging. The infrared emitter emits an infrared beam at a certain angle, and after encountering the object, the light will reverse back, and after detecting the reflected light, the object distance D can be calculated after a few triangulations on the structure.
Laser sensors
The common lidar is based on flight time (ToF), and the distance d=ct/2 is measured by measuring the flight time of the laser, similar to the ultrasonic ranging formula mentioned above, where d is the distance, c is the speed of light, and t is the time distance from emission to acceptance.
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How to install the safety barrier
1. The safety barrier should be installed in a safe place, and the environmental conditions meet the requirements of "application conditions" in the "Safety Barrier Selection Sample".
2. The connecting wires of the intrinsically safe end (blue end) and non-intrinsically safe end circuits of the barrier safety barrier should be laid separately in the wiring slot.
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Multi-axis force transducer action
The prevailing understanding of sensors is to transmit sensory information to the machine, the same type of sensor, transmit different sensory information, we also know that the senses are the organs that sense external things to stimulate the machine, such as our eyes, stomping and nose for the machine, the sensor can realize all the sensory information, so many axes ...
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The selection of proximity sensors follows the essentials – the blessing of the United States
For different raw material detection bodies and different detection intervals, different types of proximity sensors should be selected to make them have a high performance-to-price ratio in the system, for which the following principles should be followed in the selection:
1. When the detector body is a metal material: high-frequency oscillation proximity ...
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The photoelectric switches are simply classified
An important function of the photoelectric switch is to be able to handle changes in the intensity of light: the light beam is changed by using optical components in the transmission medium; Use a beam of light to reflect objects; Instantaneously returns the light emitted by the beam over a long distance.
The photoelectric switch (photoelectric sensor) is a photoelectric proximity on...
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Instructions for use of ultrasonic switches
The ultrasonic switch can be parameterized via two buttons on the side of the sensor. The width of the ultrasonic sound cone also allows the sensor to be mounted as required. The user can set the switch point according to his needs, and the switch point can be adjusted within 5 minutes after powering on. In more than 5 minutes, if ...
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Features and functions of photoelectric switches of the sensor
Photoelectric switches are what we generally call sensors. The national standard GB7665-87 defines the definition of the sensor: a device or device that can sense the measured part of the rule and convert it into a usable signal according to the certain rules, which is generally composed of a sensitive element and a conversion element.
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The main role of the encoder is explained - double blessing
An encoder is a device that converts angular or linear displacement into an electrical signal. The former becomes the yardstick, and the latter is called the yardstick. According to the readout method, the encoder can be divided into two types: touch type and non-touch type. The touch type selects the brush output, and a brush touches the conductive area or the insulating area to represent the shape of the code.
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The inner workings of a load cell – we are blessed
A load cell is a kind of sensor that converts physical quantities into electrical signal output, and is mainly used to measure the pressure or tension of an object.
Its internal structure mainly consists of the following parts:
1. Elastomeric Element: Usually made of metal ...
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Test method for sensor output
1. Test for NPN output sensor
The NPN sensor output, also known as OC gate output, is based on the principle of open collector output of a transistor.
The principle of NPN type OC gate output is whether the output of the NPN transistor and GND are short-circuited. When the transistor is turned on, the output and GND ( ...
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The wiring of the load cell – we are responsible
Load cells can be wired in two different input and output ways:
One is the four-wire connection method
The load cell of the four-wire connection method has no special requirements for the secondary instrument panel, and the time and time of use are very convenient, but when the cable is long, it is very simple to be affected by the working temperature.
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A common type of sensor – a sensor
Resistive
A resistive sensor is a device that converts physical quantities such as displacement, deformation, force, acceleration, humidity, temperature, etc. into resistance values. There are mainly resistive strain gauge, piezoresistive, thermal resistance, thermal, gas-sensitive, moisture-sensitive and other resistive sensor materials.
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The main categories of encoders are as follows
1. Classification according to the way of engraving the disc is different
(1) Incremental type: that is, every time the angle of the unit is emitted, a pulse signal is emitted (there is also a sine and cosine signal, and then it is subdivided, and the pulse with a higher frequency is chopped), usually the output of phase A, phase B, phase Z, phase A and phase B are ...
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Encoder classification form
1. Classification according to the way of engraving the disc is different
(1) Incremental type: that is, every time the viewpoint of the unit is rotated, a pulse signal is announced (there is also a sine and cosine signal, and then it is subdivided, and the pulse with a higher frequency is chopped), which is generally output for phase A, phase B and Z, and phase A and phase B are ...
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Wiring of weighing strain gauge tension and compression sensors – we are in control
Wiring method of weighing strain tension and compression sensor:
Strain gauge tension and compression load cells can be wired in two different input and output wiring methods:
The first is the four-wire connection method.
The load cell of the four-wire connection method has no special requirements for the secondary instrument panel, and it is very convenient to use.
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Vibratory load cell performance – we are blessed
Vibrating load cell: When an elastic element is subjected to a force, its natural vibration frequency is proportional to the square root of the force. By measuring the change in the natural frequency, the force of the analyte acting on the elastic element can be calculated, and then its mass can be found. There are two types of vibrating sensors: vibrating wire type and tuning fork type.
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Proximity sensor design considerations – a blessing on our part
Even if you don't think about the cost, there is no proximity sensor that fulfills all of its potential missions better than other sensors. Therefore, when examining the ideal proximity sensor skill for a particular application, it is necessary to consider and weight a number of attributes for their importance.
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Benefits of our industrial sensors
The R2 and R3 series of photoelectric sensors are impressive products that characterize a very small housing plan. Robust R2/R3 miniature photoelectric sensors – smaller than a matchbox, space-saving miniature housing photoelectric sensors R2/R3 series ...
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Our basic sensor detection method
1. Proximity sensing.
Proximity usually refers to exploration:
a. Whether the target exists.
The scale or abbreviated shape of an object.
Proximity sensors can be divided into touch, non-touch, and imitation. The choice of sensor depends on physical, environmental, and control conditions.
Machine...
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The structure of proximity sensor switches – we are blessed
1. Durability
The reason why the switch has such a long life is that the switch acts as elastic from the vertical direction of the elastic membrane. Although millions of peristalsis are carried out after the elastic membrane, because the creep rate is very small, only 0.1 - 0.3m ...
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Sensor calibration method – Blessing Blessing
Sensor calibration refers to the process of transmitting the standard value expressed by the norm to the indexing of the sensor's operating range, and the indexing is determined.
The calibration of the sensor is based on the standard value generated by a standard device (e.g. a known standard force, pressure, torque, displacement, etc.).
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