1. Selection of relay coil application power supply
Under normal circumstances, most of the relays of direct current are selected in the circuit design, and the types of power supplies used in relays can also be considered according to the characteristics of the control circuit. Secondly, it is necessary to think about the power consumed by the relay, assuming that the power supplied to the relay coil is large, and there is enough central equipment, and there is no special request for the weight of the relay, then the general small relay can be selected; It is assumed that the power supplied to the relay coil in the design is small. And the equipment used is portable, the general ultra-small relay can be selected; In the case of miniature electronic devices, miniature relays are used.
2. Selection of additional operating voltage of the relay
When using relays, first of all, we must understand the operating power supply voltage in the relay location circuit, the relay operating voltage should be equal to this voltage, perhaps the circuit power supply voltage is 80% of the relay operating voltage, and the normal operation of the relay can also be guaranteed, but the power supply voltage in the circuit must not be greater than the additional operating voltage of the relay, otherwise it is easy to damage the relay coil.
3. Selection of contact capacity
First of all, the number and mode of contacts should be determined according to the characteristics of the circuit controlled by the relay, and then the size of the contact capacity should be selected according to the type of current, voltage and current in the contact control circuit. The size of the contact capacity is the ability to reflect the voltage applied to the contact and the current through the contact. The load of the general contact should not exceed the capacity of the contact. For example, the capacity of a relay is nominally DC24/10A, then the contacts of this relay can only operate in a circuit with a DC voltage of 24V, and the maximum current through the contacts can reach IDA, if this rule is exceeded. There is a risk of burnout of the contacts.
4. The action time and front discharge time of the relay must be determined
The action time and release time of the relay should be selected according to the time of the practice circuit to the action of the controlled object. It is also possible to add electronic components to the relay circuit to speed up to 1m or delay the operation and release time of the relay to meet different requirements. The circuit shown in Figure 7-5(a) is a circuit that attaches the time of operation of the RC acceleration relay, and when a voltage is input, an instantaneous current can pass through the capacitor C, accelerating the operation of the relay. When the current is stable, capacitor C no longer works, and the current flowing through the relay is determined by the resistor R. In Figure 7-5(b), the inductor L is connected to the relay circuit, which increases the moment constant, delays the increase in magnetic flux, and then extends the relay operation time. The circuit shown in Figure 7-5(c) is a relay shunt diode circuit. The current of the self-induced electromotive force generated by the relay coil can be circulated through the two-pole VD, delaying the release moment of the relay. When the power supply is disconnected, the current in the relay coil is discharged through RC, causing the current to decay sluggishly, which can then extend the release moment of the armature.
5. Operating environmental conditions
The following operating environment conditions should also be considered when selecting relays:
(1) Tears and humidity of the environment;
(2) The life of the relay operation;
(3) The acceleration and direction of movement of the relay when it is used on non-fixed equipment, as well as the frequency and amplitude of vibration.
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