First, the characteristics of the load switch
A load switch is a switchgear between a circuit breaker and an isolation switch. It has a simple arc extinguishing device, which can cut off the rated load current and a certain overload current, but cannot cut off the short-circuit current
Second, the classification of load switches
According to the working voltage, it can be divided into high-voltage load switch and low-voltage load switch
1。 High voltage load switches
There are six types of high-voltage load switches:
1) Solid-state gas production high-pressure load switch
The energy of its own arc breaking is used to make the gas-producing substances in the arc chamber produce gas and blow out the arc. Its structure is relatively simple, and it is suitable for 35kV and the following products
2) Compressed air type high-pressure load switch
During the breaking process, the compressed air of the piston is used to blow an electric arc. Its structure is also relatively simple, and it is suitable for 35kV and below products
3) Compressed air type high-pressure load switch
Compressed air is used to blow the arc, which can disconnect the large current. Its structure is more complex and is suitable for products of 60kV and beyond
4) SF6 high-voltage load switch
SF6 gas arc extinguishing is adopted. Its breaking current is large, and the breaking capacitor current performance is good, but the structure is more complex. Suitable for products of 35kV and above
5) Oil-immersed high-voltage load switch
The energy of the arc itself is used to decompose and vaporize the oil around the arc, and the arc is cooled and extinguished. The structure is relatively simple, but the weight is large, and it is suitable for outdoor products of 35kV and below
6) Vacuum-type high-voltage load switch
The use of vacuum medium arc extinguishing, long electrical life, relatively high price. Suitable for 220kV and below products
The high-voltage load switch is equipped with a simple arc extinguishing device, which can turn on and off the normal load current, cut off a certain overload current, but not the short-circuit current. It is often used in conjunction with a current-limiting high-voltage fuse. The current limiting function of the current limiting fuse is used to complete the task of cutting off the circuit and reduce the heat and electricity caused by the short-circuit current
2。 Low voltage load switches
1) Low-voltage load switch is also known as switch fuse group. It is suitable for AC power frequency circuits to manually and infrequently turn on and off load circuits; It can also be used for overload and short-circuit protection of lines. The on-off circuit is done by the contact knife, and the overload and short-circuit protection is done by the fuse
2) The rubber cover knife switch and the iron shell switch are low-voltage load switches. The contact opening and closing speed of the small-capacity low-voltage load switch is related to the operating speed of the handle. The operating mechanism of the large-capacity low-voltage load switch adopts the action principle of spring energy storage. The opening and closing speed is independent of the speed of the handle operation. The structure is simple and equipped with reliable mechanical interlocks. The switch cannot be closed after the switch cover is opened, and the switch cover cannot be opened after the switch cover is closed, so as to ensure the safety of use.
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