1. Two-wire system: the way to connect a wire at both ends of the thermal resistance to draw out the resistance signal is called the two-wire system: this lead method is very simple, but because there must be a lead resistance r in the connecting wire, the size of R is related to the material and length of the wire, so this lead method is only suitable for occasions with low measurement accuracy
2. Three-wire system: the way of connecting one lead wire at one end of the root of the thermal resistance and connecting two leads at the other end is called the three-wire system, which is usually used with the bridge, which can better eliminate the influence of the lead resistance and is the most commonly used in industrial process control.
3. Four-wire system: the way of connecting two wires at both ends of the root of the RTD is called the four-wire system, in which two leads provide constant current I for the RTD, convert R into voltage signal U, and then lead U to the secondary instrument through the other two leads. It can be seen that this lead method can completely eliminate the influence of the resistance of the lead, and is mainly used for high-precision temperature detection.
The RTD adopts the three-wire connection method. The three-wire system is used to eliminate measurement errors caused by the resistance of the connected wires. This is because the circuit used to measure RTD is generally an unbalanced bridge. As a bridge arm resistance of the bridge, the connecting wire (from the RTD to the center control room) also becomes a part of the bridge arm resistance, which is unknown and changes with the ambient temperature, causing measurement errors. The three-wire system is adopted, one wire is connected to the power supply end of the bridge, and the remaining two are connected to the bridge arm where the thermal resistance is located and the bridge arm adjacent to it, so that the measurement error caused by the resistance of the wire line is eliminated.
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