What are the applications of color sensors?
1. Discrete photodiode with color filter
The traditional color sensing method uses a structure in which three to four photodiodes are combined on a single chip, and red, green, and blue filters are placed on the surface of the photodiodes. A separate transimpedance amplifier feeds the output of each photodiode to an A/D converter with a typical resolution of 8-12 bits. The output of the A/D converter is then fed to a microcontroller or other type of digital processor.
The main advantage of this approach is that it is flexible, as the gain and bandwidth of the amplifier as well as the speed and resolution of the A/D converter can be adapted to the requirements of the specific application, and the design can be adjusted to achieve a compromise between performance and cost. The trade-off for this flexibility comes increased design complexity and very demanding board layout requirements for analog circuits.
2. Integrated optical voltage converter
Another approach is to combine a photodiode, a color filter, and a transimpedance amplifier for a single ribbon on a single chip. As with the individual implementations, the outputs of the three components are fed to an external three-channel A/D converter, which is then digitized. This approach requires fewer components than discrete photodiodes. Because the noise-sensitive analog circuitry is located on the chip, it reduces the footprint of the board, reduces installation costs, and simplifies design and boarding. Layout.
3. Integrated optical frequency converter
The third method is to convert the light intensity directly into a pulse train, the frequency of which is proportional to the intensity of the red, green, and blue components of each red, green, and blue channel. Provides a direct interface to a microprocessor or other digital processor without the need for an A/D converter. The TCS230 from TAOS is an example of such a device. It divides the red, green, and blue sensor-filter combinations into meshes.
How the color sensor works
When it comes to the working principle of color sensors, we still have to understand the characteristics of colors, because the working principle of color sensors is based on the three primary color principles of color.
First, the characteristics of color
(1) Hue is wavelength-based and is a characteristic property of different colors.
(2) Saturation reflects the purity of the color. Any certain color can be seen as the result of a certain spectral color mixed with white. The greater the percentage of spectral color, the higher the saturation of the color.
(3) Brightness is a certain property that describes the brightness of a color, a measure of light intensity, and is related to the energy of light.
Second, the principle of three primary colors
Appropriately select three primary colors (red, green, blue), and synthesize them according to different percentages, you can create different color sensations, the brightness of the synthetic color light is determined by the sum of the brightness of the three primary colors, and the chromaticity is determined by the percentage of the three primary color components, the three primary colors are independent of each other, and any one of the primary colors can not be matched by the other two colors.
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