Inverter is a high-tech product, mainly composed of power electronic equipment and microelectronic equipment. The three-phase communication grid is connected to the input of the frequency converter. The input end of the inverter is a rectifier circuit, and the output end is a frequency conversion circuit. As a result, the voltages and currents on the input and output sides include abundant harmonics, which will cause waveform distortion in the grid; At the same time, whether the grid voltage is symmetrical and balanced, the size of the transformer capacity and whether the nonlinear equipment is connected to the distribution bus will also affect the normal operation of the frequency converter.
The current inverter has a DSP chip or a computer chip, completes the control, and drives the control of the inverter main circuit of the inverter due to the computer chip of the smaller voltage and current, under the high operating speed, it is easy to be disturbed by some external electrical disturbance. Therefore, in order to complete the power supply and drive safe and reliable operation, it is necessary to take measures to suppress the interference between the two.
The rectifier circuit and inverter circuit of the inverter are composed of nonlinear equipment. The circuit structure will cause the voltage and current waveforms of the grid to be distorted. The three-phase communication voltage UR, US, UT is changed to DC through the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, and the DC voltage does not change at all after being filtered by electrolytic capacitors. The diode used in the rectifier circuit is a nonlinear device. The rectified output voltage is charged to the filter capacitor. The charge current waveform depends on the difference between the rectifier voltage and the capacitor voltage.
When the inverter is operating at different frequencies and currents, the input current waveform is also different. Figure 10-6 shows the input current waveform of a 55kW inverter driving a cage asynchronous motor with a load of 10Hz, 20Hz, and 50Hz. It can be seen that as the frequency and current of the motor are added, the input current changes from intermittent to continuous, and the waveform distortion of the current becomes smaller and smaller. Many harmonic current weights will be obtained by mathematical Fourier series decomposition of these waveforms.
The experiment also proves that when the inverter is running, a certain gap source voltage waveform and outstanding will be formed due to the commutation effect of the rectifier diode.
In summary, when the inverter is running, the voltage and current waveforms of the grid will be distorted. In order to generalize the effect of this distortion on the system, the inductive voltage distortion rate d can be calculated by the following formula
What is the impact of grid quality on the life of the inverter
In the workshop, the drive will be able to be used in different loads above, and the impact of different loads on the inverter itself is not the same.
Under shock loads such as welding machines, electric arc furnaces, rolling mills, etc., voltage flicker often occurs. At this moment, the harmonics generated by the inverter have a very serious pollution to the quality of the power grid, and also have considerable harm to the equipment itself. At worst, it cannot be connected to normal operation, and at worst, the input circuit of the equipment is damaged. This will severely affect the service life of the product.
1. In the case of impact load, such as electric welding machine, electric arc furnace, steel mill, etc. It is advocated that users add reactive power static compensation equipment to improve the power factor and quality of the power grid.
2. The concentration rectifier introduced by the inverter concentration workshop and the common bus of DC power supply. The 12-pulse rectifier mode is recommended. Small harmonics, energy power, especially suitable for frequent starting, braking, motor are in the case of motor operation and power generation operation advantages.
3. A passive LC filter is installed on the input side of the converter to reduce the input harmonics, improve the power factor, have high reliability and good effect.
4. The input side of the inverter is installed on the source PFC equipment, which has the best effect but high cost.
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