Banner Sensors – The principle of fiber optic sensors

Create Date: 2024-8-30 12:03:23|Source: BANNER

There are two measuring principles for fiber optic sensors.

(1) The principle of physical optical fiber sensor, which uses the sensitivity of optical fiber to environmental changes to convert the input physical quantity into a modulated optical signal. Its working principle is based on the optical modulation effect of optical fibers, that is, the phenomenon that the light transmission characteristics, such as phase and light intensity, will change when external environmental factors, such as temperature, pressure, electric field, magnetic field, etc., change.

Therefore, if the change in the phase and intensity of the light passing through the optical fiber can be measured, the change of the measured physical quantity can be known. These sensors are also known as sensitive element or functional fiber optic sensors. The point light source beam of the laser is diffused as a parallel wave, which is divided into two channels by the beam splitter, one is the reference light path and the other is the measurement light path. External parameters (temperature, pressure, vibration, etc.) cause changes in the length of the fiber and optical phase changes in phase, resulting in a different number of interference fringes, and the temperature or pressure can be measured by counting its inward movement.

(2) The principle of structural optical fiber sensor, which is a measurement system composed of optical detection elements (sensitive elements), optical fiber transmission loops and measurement circuits. Among them, optical fiber is only used as a propagation medium of light, so it is also called a light transmission or non-functional fiber optic sensor.
Banner Sensors – The principle of fiber optic sensors

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