Analog vs Digital Output:
This is the first thing to consider. This depends on the interface between your system and the accelerometer. Generally, the analog output voltage is proportional to the acceleration, for example, 2.5V corresponds to 0g acceleration, and 2.6V corresponds to 0.5g acceleration. Digital outputs typically use pulse-width modulation (PWM) signals.
If you're using a microcontroller that only has a digital input, such as BASICStamp, you'll have to choose an accelerometer with a digital output, but the problem is that you have to take up an extra clock unit to process the PWM signal, which is also a big burden on the processor.
If you are using a microcontroller with an analog input, such as PIC/AVR/OOPIC, you can simply use the accelerometer with the analog interface, all you need is to add an instruction like "acceleration=read_adc()" to the program, and the speed of processing this instruction is only a few microseconds.
Number of measuring axes:
For most projects, a two-axis accelerometer is sufficient for most applications. For some special applications, such as UAV, ROV control, a three-axis accelerometer may be a little more suitable.
Maximum Measured Value:
If you only need to measure the inclination of the robot relative to the ground, then a ± 1.5g accelerometer will suffice. But if you need to measure the dynamic performance of the robot, ±2g should also be sufficient. If your robot starts or stops suddenly, you'll need a 5G±g sensor.
Sensitivity:
In general, the more sensitive, the better. The more sensitive the sensor is, the more sensitive it is to changes in acceleration over a certain range, and the greater the change in output voltage, making it easier to measure and thus obtain more accurate measurements.
Bandwidth:
Bandwidth here actually refers to the refresh rate. That is, how many readings the sensor produces per second. FOR APPLICATIONS THAT TYPICALLY MEASURE INCLINATION, 50 HZ BANDWIDTH SHOULD BE SUFFICIENT, BUT FOR DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE SUCH AS VIBRATION, YOU WILL NEED A SENSOR WITH HUNDREDS OF HZ BANDWIDTH.
Resistor/Buffer Mechanism:
For some microcontrollers to perform A/D conversion, the resistance of the connected sensor must be less than 10kΩ. For example, Analog Devices' analog accelerometer has a resistance value of 32kΩ, which will not work properly on PIC and AVR control boards, so it is recommended to read the controller manual carefully before purchasing the sensor to make sure that the sensor is working properly.
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