Robots are chaotic machines controlled by computers with similar physical and sensory functions as human beings. Flexible action program; There is a certain level of intelligence; Able to work without relying on human manipulation. So in general, what are the primary sensors that robots contain?
1. Robot vision sensor
Presented in the late 50s of the 20th century, it has developed very quickly and is one of the most important sensors in robots. Machine vision began to deal with the building block world in the 60s of the 20th century, and later developed to deal with the real world outdoors. From the 70s of the 20th century onwards, a practical visual system was presented. Vision generally consists of three processes: picture acquisition, picture processing, and picture understanding. Comparatively speaking, drawing comprehension skills are still lagging behind.
2. Force sensor
In terms of installation parts, robot force sensors can be divided into joint force sensors, means sensors and finger force sensors. The international research on means sensors began in the 70s of the 20th century, and the main research units are DRAPER Laboratory, SRI Research Institute, IBM in United States, Hitachi in Japan, University of Tokyo and other units.
3. Tactile sensor
As a visual complement, the sense of touch perceives the external functions and physical properties of the object: softness, hardness, elasticity, roughness, and thermal conductivity. From the beginning of the 80s of the 20th century to the early 90s of the 20th century, a lot of results have been achieved.
4. Proximity sensor
The purpose of the research is to enable the robot to know the proximity of the target (obstruction) object in the process of moving or operating, the mobile robot can achieve obstacle avoidance, and the operation robot can avoid the impact of the claw on the target object due to the rapid approaching speed.
5. Auditory sensor
(1) Speech recognition system for specific people
The method of specific human speech recognition is to store the characteristic matrix of each word in the pre-specified human voice to form a standard template (or template), and then match. It is primarily about recalling one or several phonetic features, and it is necessary for the designated person to speak a limited number of predetermined sentences. The person-specific speech recognition system can identify whether the speaker is a pre-designated person and which sentence is being spoken.
(2) Speech recognition system for non-specific people
The speech recognition system of non-specific people can be roughly divided into speech recognition system, word recognition system, and digital sound (0-9) recognition system. The non-specific person's speech recognition method needs to train the pronunciation of a representative group of people to find out the commonality of the same word sound, which is often open-ended and can continuously correct the system. During the system operation, the received acoustic signals are used in the same way to find their characteristic matrices, and then compared with the standard mode. See which template it is in the same or near to identify the meaning of the signal.
What are the top sensors in a robot? Mentioned above. Robot sensors play a very important role in the control of robots, and it is precisely because of sensors that robots have human-like sensory functions and response capabilities.
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