A differential pressure sensor is a sensor used to measure the difference between two pressures, and is generally used to measure the pressure difference between the front and rear ends of a certain equipment or component.
Typical Applications:
It is used to measure the exhaust pressure difference between the front and rear channels of the exhaust particulate trap (DPF) of the car engine.
In order to meet the requirements of the emission standard, the general method is to place a trap in the exhaust emission part of the car to capture the tiny particles in the exhaust. The disadvantage of this approach is that the exhaust gas emission channel will gradually become clogged with the accumulation of trapped particles.
The way to remove these accumulated particles is to increase the temperature of the exhaust gases by injecting additional fuel oil into the tunnel or directly in the exhaust gas, and in the presence of a catalyst in the trap, the exhaust gas is high enough to burn and vaporize the accumulated particles. This cleaning process is known as the "regeneration" process.
There is a problem in this process, the "regeneration" process is too frequent, which will increase fuel consumption; If the interval is too long, the engine function will be reduced. Therefore, it is very important to choose a reasonable "regeneration" trigger time.
The differential pressure sensor sends a differential pressure signal to the ECU, which uses this differential pressure to determine the degree of particle accumulation in the trap, which determines the "regeneration" trigger time and the amount of additional fuel to be injected. Together, the ECU is able to regulate the temperature of the exhaust gas by manipulating the EGR valve.
In addition, differential pressure sensors can also be used to measure gas flow and liquid level.
The method of measuring gas flow rate is to obtain the static pressure of the flow tube through the difference between the pressure of the flow tube and the atmospheric pressure, and the square root of the static pressure is proportional to the flow rate, so as to obtain the flow rate.
The liquid level measurement method measures the pressure difference between the high and low liquid levels, and then converts the liquid level height according to the density of the liquid.
In the application of differential pressure sensors, it is necessary to pay attention to some matters, such as:
The measured medium is not allowed to freeze, otherwise it will damage the barrier diaphragm of the sensor element and cause damage to the transmitter, and if necessary, the transmitter should be temperature protected to prevent freezing; Do not use a voltage higher than 36V to the transmitter, resulting in damage to the transmitter; When measuring steam or other high-temperature medium, the temperature should not exceed the limit temperature of the transmitter, and the heat dissipation device must be used if it is higher than the limit temperature of the transmitter; When measuring steam or other high-temperature media, heat pipes should be used to connect the transmitter and pipes together, and the pressure on the pipes should be transmitted to the transformer.
When the measured medium is water vapor, an appropriate amount of water should be injected into the heat pipe to prevent the overheated steam from directly touching the transmitter and damaging the sensor. Do not touch the diaphragm with a hard object, resulting in damage to the barrier diaphragm.
There are not many pressure sensors that can measure both absolute pressure and differential pressure, which is very convenient for customers to use.
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