Although many relays, timers and counters are often used in the ladder diagram programs used by LS PLC, LS PLC does not have these hardware physically, but uses memory and program programming methods to make logic control modifications, and connects external mechanical equipment through output components for physical control. As a result, the hardware space required for the controller can be greatly reduced. In fact, the PLC performs the ladder diagram program by reading the ladder diagram code into the CPU by scanning method line by line, and then performs the control operation.
In the whole scanning process, there are three major processes, "Input Status View", "Program Fulfillment", and "Output Status Update" are explained as follows:
Process 1 "Input Status Viewing":P LC first checks the status of each point switch or sensor connected to the input element (1 or 0 means on or off) and writes its status to the corresponding position Xn in memory.
Process 2 "Program Fulfillment": The ladder diagram program is taken into the CPU line by line for calculation, and if the contact status of the required input is required in the program fulfillment, the CPU will be queried and taken out directly from the memory. The calculation result of the output coil is stored in the corresponding position in the memory, and is not reflected to the output Yn for the time being.
Process 3 "Output Status Update": Update the output status of Process 2 to the PLC output contact, and return to Process 1. These three processes are called the scanning cycle of the PLC, and the time required to complete is called the reaction time of the PLC. After each program execution and before the next program execution, the output and input status will be updated once, so this operation method is called "program end regeneration" at the output and input terminals.
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