The inverter is a motor control (speed regulation) device that uses the on-off effect of power semiconductor devices to convert the power frequency power supply to another frequency.
Composition 1:
1. Rectifier unit: converts the communication power with fixed operating frequency into direct current.
2. High-capacity capacitance: used to store converted electric energy.
3. Inverter: It is used to convert direct current into square waves with different frequency, width and fluctuation.
4. Controller: It is used to control the fluctuation and pulse width of the output square wave, so that it is superimposed into a communication electric similar to a sine wave to drive the communication motor.
Composition 2:
1. Main circuit: a. Rectifier: power frequency power supply is converted into DC power; b. Flat wave circuit: absorb the voltage ripple in the converter and inverter; c. Inverter: DC power conversion to the required frequency of communication power.
2. Control circuit: the main circuit that supplies power to the asynchronous motor is a circuit that supplies control signals, which is composed of the "operation circuit" of frequency and voltage, the "voltage and current detection circuit" of the main circuit, the "speed detection circuit" of the motor, the "driving circuit" that amplifies the control signal of the operation circuit, and the "protection circuit" of the inverter and the motor.
3. Power circuit: the primary component of the inverter, through the power part of the components, to achieve the control of current and frequency, the power devices widely used are thyristors, IGBTs, etc.
Classification: According to the classification of the main circuit operation method, it can be divided into voltage type inverter and current type inverter; According to the classification of switching methods, it can be divided into PAM control inverter, PWM control inverter and high carrier frequency PWM control inverter; According to the classification of operating principles, it can be divided into V/f control inverter, slip frequency control inverter and vector control inverter, etc.; According to the classification of use, it can be divided into general-purpose inverter, high-performance special inverter, high-frequency inverter, single-phase inverter and three-phase inverter.
Starting principle: the inverter is the whole process of control, and can control the motor speed at any time by the external signal, it changes the frequency of the power grid to adjust the speed and torque of the motor.
Features: The motor is operated by frequency conversion (the voltage also changes with the frequency, such as V/F stability), the power is very high, and it can achieve real soft start, soft stop and efficient speed regulation.
Strengths: The motor control device with the highest skill content, the most complete control function and the best control effect in the field of modern motor control.
Defects: high cost, because it involves power electronics skills, microcomputer skills, so the cost is high, and the requirements for protection skills are high.
Scope of application: It is mainly used in the field of speed regulation and high requirements for speed control, and the inverter is the first choice in large or highly automated production lines.
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