The damage of the inverter to the motor contains two aspects, the damage of the stator winding and the damage of the bearing, this damage usually occurs in a few weeks to more than ten months, and the detailed moment is related to the inverter brand, motor brand, motor power, inverter carrier frequency, cable length between the inverter and the motor, ambient temperature and other factors.
Mechanism of motor bearing damage caused by inverter:
The reason why the inverter damages the motor bearing is that there is a current flowing through the bearing, and this current is in the condition of intermittent communication, and the intermittent communication circuit will arc and burn out the bearing.
There are two main reasons for the current activity in the bearing of the communication motor: one is the induced voltage caused by the imbalance of the internal electromagnetic field; The second is the high-frequency current path caused by stray capacitance.
When the current of the three-phase winding is equal and the phase difference is 120°, is the magnetic field inside the ideal communication induction motor symmetrical? The voltage will not be induced on the motor shaft, and when the PWM voltage output by the inverter causes the asymmetry of the internal magnetic field of the motor, the voltage will be induced on the shaft, and its amplitude is between 10-30v, which is related to the driving voltage. The higher the driving voltage, the higher the voltage on the shaft, and when this voltage exceeds the dielectric strength of the lubricating oil in the bearing, a current path is formed. In the process of shaft rotation, at a certain moment, the insulation of the lubricating oil blocks the current again, this process is similar to the on-off process of a mechanical switch, an electric arc will occur in the on-off process, and the arc will ablate the shaft rod, ball and shaft bowl surface, forming a pit, if there is no external oscillation, the small pit will not have much impact, but if there is an external oscillation, a groove will occur, which has a great impact on the operation of the motor.
In addition, the test shows that the voltage on the shaft is also related to the fundamental frequency of the output voltage of the inverter, the lower the fundamental frequency, the higher the voltage on the shaft, and the more severe the bearing damage.
At the beginning of motor operation, when the lubricating oil temperature is low, the current amplitude is 5-200 mA, such a small current will not cause any damage to the bearing, but after the motor runs for a period of time, with the increase of the lubricating oil temperature, the peak current will reach 5-10A, which will cause arc and form a small pit on the surface of the bearing parts.
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