The operating principle of the inverter determines that it will have a certain disturbance, which may bring EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) problems to the equipment or system, and the inverter, as an electronic device, will also be affected by external electromagnetic disturbance.
The following describes some EMC-compliant equipment planning methods for inverter field equipment and wiring.
1. The electromagnetic disturbance countermeasures are as follows: Disturbance transmission path Reduction of impact countermeasures Leakage current Grounding loop When the peripheral equipment is routed through the inverter to form a closed loop, the leakage current of the inverter grounding wire will cause the equipment to malfunction. If the device is not grounded at this moment, it will reduce malfunction. Power line communication When the peripheral equipment and the inverter share the same power supply, the disturbance of the inverter is reversed by the power line transmission, which will cause other equipment in the same system to malfunction.
The following methods may be adopted:
(1) The input device of the inverter is an EMI filter or a ferrite common-mode filter (magnetic ring).
(2) Other equipment is blocked by blocking the noise with a barrier transformer or power filter. Motor line radiation Power line radiation Inverter radiation The equipment or signal line that measures weak signals such as appearance, radio equipment, and sensors is installed in the same cabinet as the inverter, and the wiring is very close, and the malfunction occurs simply due to space disturbance, and the following countermeasures need to be adopted:
(1) Simply affected equipment and signal lines should be kept away from inverter equipment as far as possible. The signal line should be shielded wire, the shield layer should be grounded, the signal line cable should be sleeved into the metal pipe, and should be as far away as possible from the inverter and the input and output lines of the inverter. If the signal cable has to cross the power cable, it needs to be straight.
(2) Separate the EMI filter or ferrite common-mode filter (magnetic ring) on the input and output sides of the inverter.
(3) The motor cable should be placed in a barrier of a larger thickness, such as a pipe of a larger thickness (more than 2mm) or buried in a cement tank. The power line is sleeved into a metal pipe and shielded and grounded (4-core cable is used for the motor cable, one of which is grounded on the inverter side and the motor housing on the other side).
Electrostatic induction Electromagnetic induction
(1) Prevent the signal line and the power line from being routed in parallel or bundled with the power line.
(2) Keep the simply affected equipment or signal lines as far away as possible from the inverter and the input and output lines of the inverter.
(3) The signal line and power line are shielded wires, and the metal pipes are separated from each other, and the distance between the metal pipes is at least 20cm. 183 Equipment & Wiring
2. Leakage current and its countermeasures Due to the existence of the ground capacitance of the input and output cables of the inverter, the interline capacitance and the motor to the ground, the leakage current will occur. Leakage current includes leakage current to ground and interline leakage current, and its size depends on the size of the distributed capacitance and the level of carrier frequency.
Leakage currents can flow not only into the drive system, but also through the ground wire to other devices, which may malfunction the circuit breakers, relays, or other equipment. The higher the carrier frequency of the inverter, the greater the leakage current; The longer the motor cable, the greater the leakage current. Method: The carrier frequency is reduced, but the motor noise is added; The motor cable is as short as possible; Frequency converter systems and other systems are used as residual current circuit breakers designed for high harmonics and inrush leakage currents. Inter-line leakage current flows through the leakage current of the distributed capacitance between the cables on the output side of the inverter, and its higher harmonics may make the external thermal relay malfunction, especially the small volume inverter, when the wiring is very long (more than 50m), the leakage current is added a lot, and it is easy to make the external thermal relay malfunction, it is recommended to use the temperature sensor to directly monitor the motor temperature or use the motor overload maintenance function of the inverter itself to replace the external thermal relay. Method: Downgrade carrier frequency; A reactor is installed on the output side.
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