What is the principle of the electrical control circuit of the three-phase motor? First of all, let's take a look at what is the principle of electrical control of work machinery. The schematic diagram of the electrical control circuit of the working machinery is actually a schematic diagram that uses graphic symbols, text symbols and lines to connect to show the connection relationship of each electrical component and the specific arrangement of the circuit.
First, the composition of the control line
The control circuit of the working machinery is composed of power circuit, control circuit, signal circuit and maintenance circuit. 1. Power circuit: the circuit that supplies power from the power grid to the motor of the working machinery; 2. Control circuit: control the operation of the working machinery and play a maintenance role in the power circuit. 3. Signal circuit: a circuit used to control the operation of signal devices. 4. Maintenance circuit: It is composed of all the maintenance wires and conductor parts that participate in the prevention of adverse consequences caused by grounding problems.
Second, how to analyze the operating principle of the line
It can be used to analyze the operation sequence and operation status of the circuit after power-on from the original condition of unenergized, and generally analyze it from left to right and from top to bottom. Close the rotary switch, turn on the power, start to operate the button, and realize the control process of starting and stopping as follows:
Starting: Press the start button - contactor coil energizing action - main contact closure - motor starting operation.
Abort: Release the start button - contactor coil loss release - main contact break - motor power off and stop.
3. Guidelines for schematic diagram production
In order to facilitate the reading of the schematic diagram, the main rules indicated in the schematic diagram are briefly described as follows:
1. The power supply circuit is drawn as a horizontal line, the power unit branch (motor, etc.), commonly known as the main circuit, is drawn perpendicular to the power supply circuit, and the control and signal circuit are drawn vertically between the two horizontal power lines.
2. The power supply circuit of three-phase communication is centrally placed at the top of the diagram; If it is single-phase communication or DC, the power supply circuit is placed on the top and the bottom is placed, and the power unit receiving power and the maintenance electrical branch are placed on the left side of the diagram; The control and signal circuits are drawn from the center to the right, or placed on the right side of the diagram.
3. In the control and signal circuits, the energy-dissipating components must be connected to the side of the neutral line of the circuit. The contacts, on the other hand, are connected between the energy-dissipating components such as coils and the other side of the circuit. If the circuit is not connected to zero, the coil and other energy-dissipating components are connected to the bottom of the circuit.
4. On the way, the position of the auxiliary contacts of each electrical appliance is in the state of not being energized, and the operation switch is the condition before the operation machinery starts.
5. Several parts of the same electrical appliance, such as coils, contacts, etc., are scattered in different circuits, but they are related to each other and must be marked with the same text symbol.
6. In the schematic diagram, the contact position is in the unenergized state, and the circuit operation sequence and operation status after power-on can be analyzed from this original condition.
7. The limited symbol with switch function is described as follows: in the jog control line, when the rotary switch QS is used as a power supply barrier switch, the switch symbol is added to the barrier switch function limit symbol "—". If the rotary switch is used as a load switch and directly starts a small motor, the load switch function limit symbol should be added.
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