1. The use status of bus maintenance on the low-voltage side
According to the national standard "Code for Relay Maintenance and Automatic Equipment Design of Power Equipment" (GB50062-92): for the 3-10kV bus and double bus running in parallel of power plants and primary substations, special bus maintenance should be installed only under the following conditions: (1) when it is necessary to quickly and selectively remove the faults of a section or a group of buses to ensure the safe operation of the power plant and the power grid and the reliable power supply of important loads; (2) When the line circuit breaker is not allowed to cut off the short circuit in front of the line reactor.
A significant number of transformer differentials do not include low-voltage side circuit breakers in the maintenance scope, and the current transformers used are located between the transformer and the low-voltage circuit breaker. In the design of the substation, the bus fault on the low-voltage side should be removed by the backup maintenance of the low-voltage side of the main transformer.
A certain section of the low-voltage bus of a common 220kV (110kV) substation. When there is a fault in the bus or circuit breaker on the low-voltage side of the main transformer, it is necessary to jump out of the DL1 circuit breaker by overcurrent maintenance on the low-voltage side of the transformer to remove the fault. The same problem also exists in the 6kV (10kV) power system of the power plant, when the bus defect occurs in the power system of the medium voltage plant, it must be eliminated by the overcurrent backup maintenance of the low-voltage side of the plant transformer or the engine/backup transformer. The disadvantage of this design scheme is that once the bus short-circuit problem occurs, the fault cannot be quickly removed, but can only wait for the overcurrent backup maintenance action. Because the main transformer is low and the backup overcurrent maintenance time is generally set to 1.2-2.0s, there will be a long delay when removing the fault, which increases the possibility of equipment damage and even causes large-scale burning of adjacent equipment.
2. Technical requirements for bus maintenance on the low voltage side
The requirements for the maintenance of the bus on the low voltage side mainly include the following aspects:
(a) The maintenance reliability requirements are high, and refusal and misoperation are not allowed. In particular, the requirements for preventing misoperation are higher, because the result of refusal is that the fault can also rely on the backup overcurrent of the incoming line (or segment) to cut off, and the result of rapid maintenance of the special bus is the same as that of not equipping the special bus now, but if it is a misoperation, the result is very serious, which directly affects the reliability of the user's power supply, and even forms a bad social impact.
(b) The composition of the maintenance is as simple as possible. There are no large additions to primary equipment (such as current transformers) and external cables, and construction and retrofitting work is simple and easy.
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