Banner Sensor - What are the applications of fiber optic sensor technology?

1. Fiber optic gyroscope

Fiber optic gyroscopes can be divided into interference type, resonant type and Brillouin type according to the principle, which is the representative of the three generations of fiber optic gyroscopes. The first generation of interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes, which is now mature and suitable for mass production and commercialization; The second-generation resonant fiber optic gyroscope is still in the development stage of laboratory research to practical application. The third generation of the Brillouin type, it is still in the theoretical research stage.

There are three ways to implement the fiber optic gyro structure according to the optical components employed: small discrete component systems, all-fiber systems, and integrated optical component systems. At present, the technology of discrete optical components has been basically withdrawn, and the all-optical fiber system is used in the open-loop low-precision, low-cost fiber optic gyroscope, and the integrated optical device gyroscope is very popular in the high-precision fiber optic gyroscope because of its simple process, good overall repeatability and low cost, and is its main implementation method.

2. FBG sensor

At present, one of the research hotspots in the field of sensors at home and abroad is the fiber Bragg grating sensor. Conventional fiber optic sensors can be basically divided into two types: light intensity type and interferometric type. The disadvantages of light intensity sensors are that the light source is unstable, and the optical fiber loss and detector are prone to aging; Interferometric sensors require the same intensity of two interferometric lights, so a fixed reference point is required, which makes the application inconvenient.

At present, the developed fiber Bragg grating sensor can avoid the above two situations, and its sensing signal is wavelength modulation and has strong multiplexing ability. In applications such as building health inspection, shock detection, shape control, and vibration damping detection, FBG sensors are the ideal sensitive components. FBG sensors have a wide range of applications in geodynamics, spacecraft, power industry, and chemical sensing.

3. Optical fiber current sensor

The rapid development of the power industry has led to the increasing capacity of the power transmission system, the operating voltage level is getting higher and higher, and the current is getting larger and larger, so it is very difficult to measure, which shows the advantages of optical fiber current sensors. In the power system, the traditional sensor used to measure the current is based on electromagnetic induction, which has the following disadvantages: it is easy to explode and cause catastrophic accidents; Large fault current will cause magnetic saturation of the iron core; The resonance effect of the iron core occurs; slow frequency response; Low measurement accuracy; The signal is susceptible to interference; It is difficult to meet the development needs of a new generation of digital power grids due to large volume and high weight, high price, etc. This is where fiber optic current sensors come into being.

4. Fiber optic hydrophones

Fiber optic hydrophones are mainly used to measure underwater acoustic signals, which convert underwater acoustic signals into optical signals through high-sensitivity optical fiber coherent detection, and transmit them to the signal processing system through optical fibers for identification. Compared with traditional hydrophones, fiber optic hydrophones have the characteristics of high sensitivity, wide response bandwidth, and immunity to electromagnetic interference, and are widely used in military and oil exploration, environmental detection and other fields, and have great development potential.

According to the principle, optical fiber hydrophones can be divided into interferometric type, intensity type, grating type, etc. The key technology of interferometric fiber optic hydrophone has gradually developed and matured, and products have been formed in some fields; The key technologies of fiber grating hydrophones are the current research hotspots, and the key technologies involved in the research involve light sources, optical fiber devices, probe technology, anti-polarization fading technology, anti-phase fading technology, signal processing technology, multiplexing technology and engineering technology.

Banner Sensor - What are the applications of fiber optic sensor technology?

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