Sick sensor - the classification and principle of distance sensors

Create Date: 2024-8-30 12:03:23|Source: SICK/Sick

Principle of ultrasonic distance sensor:

Ultrasonic waves have a great ability to penetrate liquids and solids, especially in solids that are opaque to sunlight, and it can penetrate to a depth of tens of meters. When the ultrasonic wave encounters impurities or interfaces, it will produce significant reflections and form echoes, and Doppler effects can occur when it touches active objects. Therefore, ultrasonic testing is widely used in industry, national defense, biomedicine, etc., with ultrasonic as a means of detection, ultrasonic waves must be generated and received. The device that accomplishes this function is an ultrasonic sensor, commonly known as an ultrasonic transducer, or ultrasonic probe.

Working principle of laser distance sensor:

When the laser sensor works, the laser diode is first aimed at the target to emit a laser pulse. After being reflected by the target, the laser light is scattered in all directions. Part of the scattered light is returned to the sensor receiver, where it is received by the optical system and imaged onto the avalanche photodiode. An avalanche photodiode is an optical sensor with internal amplification, so it can detect extremely weak light signals. The target distance can be determined by recording and processing the time elapsed from the time the light pulse is emitted to the time it is returned to be received. Laser sensors have to determine the transmission time extremely precisely because the speed of light is too fast.

How the infrared distance sensor works:

The infrared distance sensor uses the principle that the infrared signal encounters the distance of the obstacle and the intensity of the reflection is also different, and the distance of the obstacle is detected. The infrared ranging sensor has a pair of infrared signal transmitting and receiving diodes, the transmitter emits an infrared signal of a specific frequency, and the receiving tube receives the infrared signal of this frequency, when the detection direction of the infrared encounters an obstacle, the infrared signal is reflected back and is received by the receiving tube, after processing, it is returned to the robot host through the digital sensor interface, and the robot can use the return signal of infrared to identify the change of the surrounding environment

24GHZ RADAR RANGING SENSOR PRINCIPLE:

FSK measures moving objects

FMCW measures stationary and moving objects

Sick sensor - the classification and principle of distance sensors

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