The naming of solid state relay models has not been unified, and the following conditions should be considered when selecting the manufacturer's manual.
(1) Rated input voltage
Refers to the maximum allowable effective voltage of a steady-state resistive load that can be withstood under a given condition. When used in inductive loads, the selected rated input voltage must be greater than twice the value of the supply voltage, and the breakdown voltage of the selected product should be more than twice the peak value of the load supply voltage. The AC load is a resistive load of 220V, and SSR of 220V voltage level can be selected; For inductive load with AC load of 220V or resistive load with AC load of 380V, SSR with voltage level of 380V can be selected; The AC load is an inductive load of 380V, and SSR of 480V voltage level can be selected; The forward and reverse rotation of the motor can choose the SSR of 480V voltage level; For single-phase or three-phase motor loads with frequent starts, SSR with voltage level of 660-800V can be selected.
(2) Rated output current and inrush current
The rated output current refers to the maximum RMS current that can be withstood under a given condition (ambient temperature, rated voltage, power factor, presence or absence of heat sink, etc.). Solid state relays are very sensitive to temperature, and after the operating temperature exceeds the nominal value, they must be derated or used with an external heat sink, and usually manufacturers provide thermal derating curves.
Inrush current is the maximum non-repetitive peak current allowed under a given condition (ambient temperature, rated voltage, rated current, duration of time, etc.) without causing permanent damage. For resistive loads, SSR can be used in full or with a derating of 10%. The inrush current of electric heater and contactor can reach 3 times of the steady-state current at the moment of switching, and the SSR should be reduced by 20%-30%.
Use and maintenance of solid state relays
When wiring the solid state relay, do not reverse the output and output termination. Please pay attention to the following precautions when using it.
(1) The influence of inrush current on SSR All loads have inrush current when working, such as the electric heating element is a pure resistive load, with a positive temperature coefficient, the resistance is smaller at low temperature, and the current is larger when the initial power is on. If the heat inside the SSR does not have time to dissipate, it may damage the thyristor, so it is necessary to leave a certain amount of current margin when choosing the SSR. When using resistive and electric thermal loads, the current level of SSR should be 2-2.5 times greater than the rated current of the load.
(2) The influence of the ambient temperature of the use of the load capacity of the solid state relay is greatly affected by the ambient temperature and its own temperature rise, the use of good heat dissipation conditions, the rated working current of more than 10A SSR should be equipped with a radiator, more than 100A SSR should be equipped with a radiator plus fan for strong cooling. When installing, pay attention to the good contact between the bottom of the SSR and the radiator, and apply thermal grease. SSRs operating at 40-80°C for a long time should be derated at the current level.
(3) Over-current and over-voltage protection measures Over-current and load short circuit will cause permanent damage to the SSR, and a quick fuse and air switch should be set in the control loop for protection, and the RC absorption loop and varistor can be connected in parallel at the output of the SSR for protection.
(4) Input loop signal
If the input voltage or input current exceeds the specified limit, the voltage divider resistor can be connected in series at the input terminal or the shunt resistor in parallel at the input terminal to make the input signal meet the requirements of SSR. The input signal line should be kept away from the source of electromagnetic interference to prevent malfunction.
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