Universal Robots – the working principle of the robot and its components

Create Date: 2024-8-30 12:03:23|Source: Universal Robots/UR

The manipulator is mainly composed of three parts: the hand, the motion mechanism and the control system.

The hand is a part used to grasp the workpiece (or tool), and there are various structural forms according to the shape, size, weight, material and operation requirements of the object to be grasped, such as clamping type, supporting type and adsorption type.

The movement mechanism enables the hand to complete various rolling (rocking), moving or compound movements to achieve regular movements, and change the orientation and posture of the object to be grasped.

Independent motion methods such as lifting, elasticity, and rotation of the moving mechanism are called the degrees of freedom of the manipulator. In order to grasp objects in space with arbitrary orientation and orientation, 6 degrees of freedom are required. Degrees of freedom are key parameters in the design of the robot. The more degrees of freedom, the greater the flexibility of the manipulator, the wider the versatility, and the more cluttered its structure. Generally, the special manipulator has 2-3 degrees of freedom.

The control system is to complete a specific action by controlling the motor of each degree of freedom of the manipulator. Together, they receive information from the sensor response to form a stable closed-loop operation. The core of the control system is usually composed of microcontrollers such as microcontrollers or DSPs, which are programmed to achieve the desired functions.

The rapid development of the robot is due to the fact that its positive role is becoming more and more recognized. First, it can partially replace manual operation; Second, it can follow a certain procedure, time and direction to complete the transmission and loading and unloading of the workpiece according to the requirements of the production process; Third, it can operate the necessary tools for welding and installation. Therefore, it can greatly improve the working conditions of workers, significantly improve labor productivity, and accelerate the pace of mechanization and automation of industrial production. Therefore, it has been paid attention to by various advanced industrial countries, and a lot of material and financial resources have been invested in research and use. It is especially widely used in high temperature, high pressure, dust, noise, radioactivity and contamination occasions. In China, in recent years, it has also been carried out relatively rapidly, and has achieved certain results, which has attracted the attention of various industrial sectors.

Universal Robots – the working principle of the robot and its components

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