1. Point control mode (PTP)
This control method only controls the pose of the industrial robot end-effector at certain discrete points in the workspace. In control, the industrial robot only requires to be able to move quickly and accurately between adjacent points, without any adjustment to the trajectory of the target point.
Positioning accuracy and time required for movement are the two main technical indicators of this control method. This control method has the characteristics of simple implementation and low positioning accuracy. Therefore, it is commonly used for loading and unloading, handling, spot welding, and component insertion on circuit boards, requiring only the exact position and attitude of the end effector at the target point. This method is relatively simple, but it is difficult to achieve the positioning accuracy of 2-3um.
2. Continuous trajectory control mode (CP)
This control method is to continuously control the position and attitude of the industrial robot end effector in the working space, requiring it to move within a certain accuracy range in strict accordance with the predetermined trajectory and speed, the speed is controllable, the trajectory is smooth, and the movement is stable, so as to complete the combat mission. The joints of the industrial robot move continuously and synchronously, and the end effector forms a continuous trajectory. The main technical index of the control method is the trajectory tracking accuracy and stability of the end effector of the industrial robot. This method of control is commonly used for welding, painting, deburring, and inspection robots.
3. Force (torque) control mode
When assembling and fixing objects, in addition to precise positioning, the force or moment used must be appropriate. In this case, the (torque) servo mode must be used. The principle of this control method is basically the same as that of position servo control, except that the input and feedback is not a position signal, but a force (torque) signal, so the system must have a powerful (torque) sensor. In some cases, adaptive control is carried out using functions such as sensor proximity and sliding.
4. Intelligent control mode
The intelligent control of the robot is to obtain knowledge of the surrounding environment through sensors and make corresponding decisions based on its internal knowledge base. Intelligent control technology enables the robot to have strong environmental adaptability and self-learning ability. The development of intelligent control technology depends on the rapid development of artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, genetic algorithms and expert systems in recent years. Perhaps this control mode really has the flavor of "artificial intelligence" for industrial robots, but it is also the most difficult to control. In addition to the algorithm, it also relies heavily on the accuracy of the components.
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