The voltage waveform output by the inverter is similar to a sine wave, but not a real sine wave. Its waveform contains a large number of harmonic components, especially the higher harmonics will increase the output current of the inverter, form the motor winding heat, produce vibration and noise, accelerate the aging of insulation, and may even damage the motor; Harmonics of various frequencies can transmit radio disturbances of different programs into space, which may lead to malfunctions of other electromechanical equipment.
Therefore, when installing the inverter, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the distance between the central control room, the inverter and the motor, so as to minimize the influence of harmonics and the stability of forward control.
(1) Definition of distance:
1. Close distance: the distance between the inverter and the motor ≤ 20m;
2. Medium distance: the distance between the inverter and the motor > 20m, and the ≤ is 100m;
3. Long distance: the distance between the inverter and the motor > 100m;
(2) Occasions of industrial application site:
1. Close distance: the inverter and the motor can be directly connected;
2. Medium distance: the inverter and the motor can be directly connected, however, the carrier frequency of the inverter needs to be adjusted to reduce the disturbance of harmonic touching;
3. Long distance: the inverter and the motor can be directly connected, not only the carrier frequency of the inverter needs to be adjusted to reduce the annoyance of harmonic contact, but also the output communication reactor needs to be installed.
(3) In highly automated factories:
In a highly automated factory, all equipment needs to be monitored and controlled in a central control room. Therefore, the signal of the inverter system must also be sent to the central control room.
1. Close distance: that is, if the inverter is installed in the central control room. The console and the inverter can be directly connected, and controlled by 0-5/10V voltage signals and some switching signals. However, the electromagnetic radiation of the high-frequency switching signal of the inverter will cause some disturbance to the weak current control signal, so it is also agreed to be beautiful and neat, and the inverter is placed in the central control room.
2. Medium distance: that is, the distance between the inverter and the central control room is a little farther, and the current signal of 4-20mA and some switching quantities can be selected for control connection; Assuming that the distance is longer, RS485 serial communication method can be used for connection;
3. Long distance: that is, the distance between the inverter and the central control room is greater than 100m. At this time, the communication intermediate relay can be used to reach a distance of 1km; Assuming that it is further away, it is necessary to choose a fiber optic connector, which can reach up to 23km.
The communication cable connection can easily form a multi-stage drive control system, and then realize the requirements of master/slave and synchronous control. Connecting to the fieldbus systems that are now prevalent will allow for a significant increase in data conversion rates. The extension of the distance between the central control room and the inverter cabinet is conducive to shortening the distance between the inverter and the motor, so as to improve the system function with a more reasonable layout.
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