The commonly used industrial control motherboards are ATX architecture, and there are four types of motherboards: ATX motherboards, MicroATX motherboards, mini-ITX motherboards and EATX motherboards.
1. ATX motherboard: ATX is a motherboard specification, formulated by Intel Corporation in 1995, which is the first major change in the planning of computer chassis and motherboards in many years. The more common ATX large motherboard, large rectangle, generally 7 expansion slots, the size is about 305x244mm. ATX boards are still one of the most widely used boards today, and can be integrated with the current use of selected ATX components. The extended scale provides the benefits of scalability, along with the ability to add wireless adapter options or sound cards depending on the needs of the application.
2. MicroATX motherboard: common large square, generally 4 expansion slots, the size is about 244x244mm, MicroATX motherboard promises four PCI expansion slots, DIMM slots are 2-3, the width of the motherboard is reduced from the horizontal, and its total area is reduced by about 0.92 square inches.
3. Mini-ITX motherboard: Mini-ITX is a compact and miniaturized motherboard planning specification defined and launched by VIA, which is widely used by various manufacturers in various commercial and industrial uses. It is intended for use in small spaces and small scale professional computers, such as those used in automobiles, set-top boxes, and networking equipment, but Mini-ITX motherboards can also be used to make thin clients. The Mini-ITX motherboard is similar and backwards compatible with previous motherboards, Micro-ATX and Flex-ATX, but it has several features that set it apart from previous motherboards. The common mini-ITX motherboard is a small square, 1 expansion slot, and the size is about 170x170mm. Due to its small size, there are limitations, and fewer compatible electrical configurations and calculation components are available compared to spec-scale boards with more high-level utility space.
4. EATX motherboard: EATX motherboard is the abbreviation of Extended ATX, which is mainly used in Rackmount server system. It is generally used on servers that cannot be used on dual processors and specification ATX motherboards, with a specification size of 12 × 13 inches (305mm × 330 mm), 12 sockets, a square volume, and in the case of Xeon CPUs, E5 and above can also support 2 CPUs. The upper part of the EATX motherboard has the same fixing screws as the ATX, and is mostly used in high-performance PCs and workstations. It is wider than the specification ATX and is easy to route to 8 memory slots. Therefore, 8 memory slots are the characteristic sign of E-ATX motherboards, and this feature can be used to assist in distinguishing (not 100%) when purchasing.
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