Industrial switch fault type - EVOC

First, the power supply problem

Due to the unstable external power supply, the aging of the power supply line or lightning strikes, etc., the power supply is damaged or the fan stops, resulting in abnormal operation. Perhaps damage to other parts of the machine due to the power supply will cause problems in the AC machine.

If the POWER indicator on the AC panel is green, it means that it is normal; If the indicator is off, it means that the AC is not powered properly. This kind of problem is very simple to find, easy to deal with, and at the same time the easiest to guard against.

In view of this kind of problem, the first thing should be done to supply the external power supply, generally through the introduction of independent power lines to supply independent power supply, and the addition of voltage regulators to prevent instantaneous high or low voltage phenomenon. If the conditions are yes, UPS (uninterruptible power supply) can be added to ensure the normal power supply of the AC machine, some UPS provides voltage stabilization function, and some do not, pay attention when choosing. Set up professional lightning protection methods in the computer room to prevent lightning damage to the AC machine. Nowadays, there are many professional companies that do lightning protection engineering, and they can consider it when implementing network wiring.

Industrial switch fault type - EVOC

2. Port issues

This is the most common hardware problem, whether it is an optical port or an RJ-45 port of twisted pair, you must be careful when plugging and unplugging the connector. If the optical fiber plug is dirty, it may cause the optical fiber port to be contaminated and unable to communicate properly. We often see many people who like live plug-in connectors, which is theoretically possible, but this also inadvertently increases the rate of port defects. Improper handling may also result in physical damage to the port. If the size of the purchased crystal head is too large, it will simply destroy the port when pierced into the AC machine. In addition, if a section of the twisted pair cable connected to the port is exposed to the outdoors, if the cable is struck by lightning, the connected AC port will be damaged, which may cause even more unintended damage.

In general, a port fault is that one or several ports are damaged. Therefore, after removing the faults of the computer connected to the port, you can replace the connected port to determine whether it is damaged. If you encounter such problems, you can clean the port with an alcohol cotton ball after the power supply is closed. If the port is indeed corrupted, the only way to replace it is to replace it.

3. Module issues

The AC machine is composed of many modules, such as: stacking module, management module (also called control module), expansion module, etc. There is a small chance that these modules will fail, but if they do occur, they can suffer huge financial losses. If the module is not plugged and unplugged properly, the AC machine may be bumped when transporting, or the power supply may be unstable, etc., this kind of problem may occur.

Of course, the three modules mentioned above have external interfaces, which are relatively simple to identify, and some can also distinguish faults through the indicator lights on the module. For example, a stacked module has a flat trapezoidal port, and perhaps an AC machine has a USB-like interface. There is a C*OLE port on the handling module, which is used to establish a connection with the network management computer to facilitate handling. If the expansion module is a fiber connection, there will be a pair of fiber optic interfaces.

When cleaning up such faults, the first thing is to ensure the normal power supply of the AC machine and the module, then check whether each module is plugged in the correct position, and finally check whether the cable connecting the module is normal. When connecting the management module, it is also necessary to consider whether it adopts the specified connection rate, whether there is parity, whether there is data flow manipulation and other elements. When connecting the expansion module, the requirement is to see if the communication form is matched, for example, whether the full-duplex form is used or the half-duplex form. Of course, if it is confirmed that there is a problem with the module, there is only one way to deal with it, and then you should contact the supplier immediately for replacement.

Fourth, the backplane problem

The modules of the AC machine are plugged into the backplane. If the environment is humid and the circuit board is short-circuited due to moisture, the components may be damaged due to high temperature, lightning and other factors, which will cause the circuit board to not work normally. For example, the heat dissipation function is not good or the ambient temperature is too high, which causes the temperature in the machine to rise, resulting in the burning of components.

In the case of normal power supply of external power supply, if the internal modules of the AC machine can not work normally, then it may be that the backplane is broken, even if the electrical maintenance engineer encounters this situation, I am afraid there is nothing to do, the only way is to replace the backplane.

Fifth, cable problems

In fact, theoretically speaking, this kind of fault does not belong to the fault of the AC machine itself, but in actual use, cable faults often lead to the normal operation of the AC system or port, so this kind of fault is also classified as the hardware fault of the AC machine. For example, the connector is not tightly plugged in, the order of the cable may not be standardized, the cable connection should be crossed but the straight line is used, the two optical fibers in the optical cable are intertwined, and the faulty line connection leads to network loops.

Judging from the above hardware problems, the poor environment of the computer room is very easy to lead to various hardware problems, so when we build the computer room, we must first do a good job in the construction of lightning protection grounding and power supply, indoor temperature, indoor humidity, anti-electromagnetic disturbance, anti-static and other environments, so as to provide an outstanding environment for the normal operation of network equipment.

Sixth, the fault of the system

The AC system is a combination of hardware and software. Inside the AC there is a rewritable read-only memory, which holds the necessary software system for the AC. This kind of fault is also the same as our common Windows and Linux, because of the design at that time, there are some loopholes, and when the conditions are right, it will lead to full load, packet loss, wrong packet and other conditions of the AC machine. Therefore, the AC system provides methods such as Web, FTP and other methods to download and update the system. Of course, when upgrading the system, there may be mistakes.

For this kind of problem, we need to develop the habit of reading the website of the equipment manufacturer frequently, and if there is a new system or a new patch, please update it in time.

7. Improper equipment

Beginners are not familiar with AC machines, perhaps because the equipment of various AC machines is different, and the clerk often makes equipment mistakes when equipping AC machines. For example, the network is not connected due to incorrect VLAN discrimination, the port is wrongfully closed, and the form equipment of the AC machine and the network card does not match. This kind of problem is sometimes difficult to find, and it requires a certain amount of experience accumulation. If there is no guarantee that the user's equipment is faulty, please restore the equipment to the factory first, and then equip it step by step. It is best to read the explanatory book before equipping, which is also one of the habits that network administrators should develop. Each AC machine has a specific installation manual, user manual, and specific explanations for each type of module. Because many AC manuals are written in English, users who are not good at English can consult with the supplier's engineers before making specific equipment.

8. External elements

Because of the existence of hacker intrusion, it is possible that a host sends a lot of packets that do not conform to the encapsulation rules to the connected port, resulting in the AC processor being overbusy, resulting in the packet being too late to forward, which in turn leads to buffer overflow and packet loss. Another situation is the broadcast storm, which not only consumes a lot of network bandwidth, but also consumes a lot of CPU processing time. If the network is occupied by many broadcast packets for a long time, normal point-to-point communication will not be able to proceed normally, and the network speed will slow down or be paralyzed.

A network card may have a problem with a port, and it may cause a broadcast storm. Because the AC can only divide the conflicting domain, but not the broadcast domain (in the absence of VLAN differentiation), when the number of broadcast packets accounts for 30% of the total communication, the transmission efficiency of the network will be significantly reduced.

Industrial switch fault type - EVOC

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