Banner - Talking about the differences between RTU, ASCII, and TCP in the Modbus protocol

Create Date: 2024-8-30 12:03:23|Source: BANNER

Modbus is an application-layer protocol that defines a data unit (ADU) that is independent of the underlying network and can communicate over Ethernet (TCP/IP) or serial links (RS232, RS485, etc.) (Ethernet ADUs and serial ADUs are slightly different). On serial links, the Modbus protocol has two transmission modes – ASCII mode and RTU mode. Among them, ASCII is the abbreviation of "American Standard Code for Information Interchange" in English, and the Chinese translation is "United States National Information Exchange Standard Code"; RTU is the abbreviation of "Remote Terminal Unit" in English, which translates to "Remote Terminal Unit" in Chinese.

In ASCII mode, each 8-bit byte is split into two ASCII characters for sending, such as hexadecimal 0xAF, which will be decomposed into ASCII characters "A" and "F" for sending, and the number of characters sent is doubled compared to RTU. The ASCII mode has the advantage of allowing an interval of up to 1 second between two characters without incurring communication failures, and this mode uses the Longitudinal Redundancy Check (LRC) method to check for errors.

In RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) mode, each byte can transmit two hexadecimal characters, such as hexadecimal 0xAF, and directly send them in hexadecimal 0xAF (binary: 10101111), so its sending density is twice as high as that of ASCII mode. The RTU mode uses cyclic redundancy check (CRC). Most of Banner's products support Modbus communication, the following are the products that support Modbus RTU:
Banner - Talking about the differences between RTU, ASCII, and TCP in the Modbus protocol
  ▲The measurement grating supports Modbus RTU communication
Banner - Talking about the differences between RTU, ASCII, and TCP in the Modbus protocol
  ▲The pickup indicator supports Modbus RTU communication
Banner - Talking about the differences between RTU, ASCII, and TCP in the Modbus protocol
  ▲All wireless products of Banner Engineering support Modbus RTU communication

What is Modbus TCP?

Modbus TCP and Modbus RTU are basically the same, but there are some differences:

The slave address becomes less important and is ignored in most cases. In a sense, the slave address is replaced by an IP address

CRC checksum becomes less important or even negligible. Since the check already exists in the TCP packet, Modbus TCP simply cancels the CRC check in order not to reinvent the wheel.

TCP mode is generated to allow Modbus data to be transmitted smoothly over Ethernet, using TCP502 port. The physical layer, data link layer, network layer, and transport layer of the protocol are all based on the TCP protocol, and the Modbus protocol is only modified and encapsulated in the application layer. After the receiver unpacks the TCP packet, it reobtains the original Modbus frame, parses it according to the Modbus protocol specification, and re-encapsulates the returned packet into the TCP protocol and returns it to the sender. Different from the data format transmitted by serial links, TCP mode removes additional addresses and checks, and adds packet headers. Most of Banner Engineering products support Modbus communication, the following products support Modbus TCP:
Banner - Talking about the differences between RTU, ASCII, and TCP in the Modbus protocol
  ▲The security controller supports Modbus TCP communication
Banner - Talking about the differences between RTU, ASCII, and TCP in the Modbus protocol
  ▲All Banner engineering vision products support Modbus TCP communication
Banner - Talking about the differences between RTU, ASCII, and TCP in the Modbus protocol
  ▲Banner 2D code readers all support Modbus TCP communication
Banner - Talking about the differences between RTU, ASCII, and TCP in the Modbus protocol
  ▲Some wireless products of Banner support Modbus TCP communication

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