Kunlun Tongtai touch screen - classification and working principle of capacitive touch screen

Create Date: 2024-8-30 12:03:23|Source: Kunlun Tongs/MCGS

Classification of capacitive touch screens

Capacitive touch screens are divided into two categories, one is surface capacitive touch screen, and the other is projected capacitive touch screen, and projected capacitive can also be subdivided into self-capacitive and mutual capacitive. Among them, the surface capacitive and projected self-capacitive touch screens can only achieve single touch, while the projected mutual capacitive touch screen can meet the requirements of multi-touch technology and are widely used in technology products in the mobile phone panel market.

How a capacitive touch screen works

How a surface capacitive touch screen works

Surface capacitive touch screens locate touch points by sensing the electric field sensing on the surface of the screen due to touch behavior. When the touchscreen is in operation, the finger touches the surface of the screen, and the finger creates a coupling capacitance with the conductor layer under the protective glass of the touchscreen. For high-frequency current, the capacitor is a direct conductor, and the current emitted from the four corners of the surface capacitive touch screen will flow to the contact, and the current flowing to the contact is proportional to the distance between the contact and the four corner electrodes, and the controller behind the touch screen will calculate the exact position of the touch point based on the current data generated.

How projected capacitive touch screens work

The projected capacitive touch screen locates the touch point by sensing the changes in the electrostatic field lines emitted by the electrodes of the touch screen, and usually forms the electrode matrix with the cross distribution of the X axis and the Y axis. The working principle of projected capacitive touch screen is the same as that of surface capacitive touch screen in that it locates the touch point by sensing the change of the electric field, but the advantage of the former is that it has a higher resolution and can realize multi-touch at the same time, which is widely used in portable mobile devices such as mobile phones.

Projected capacitive touch technology can be divided into self-capacitance (self-capacitive) and interactive capacitance (mutual capacitance). Self-capacitance, also known as absolute capacitance, is a single-electrode approach, which uses the object that touches the touch screen (such as a hand) as another plate of the capacitor, the object forms an induced charge between the electrode of the sensing object and the sensing electrode in the touch screen, and the contact point capacitance increases, and the position of the contact can be calculated according to the change of the front and back of the touch coupling capacitance by measuring the X-axis and Y-axis electrode matrices.

Alternating capacitance, also known as spanning capacitance, is a two-electrode approach, that is, the two poles of the capacitor are composed of X-axis and Y-axis electrodes respectively. It is to use the coupling capacitance change generated by adjacent electrodes to locate the contact position, when the contact screen object is close to the electric field line from one electrode to another, the change of the interactive capacitance between the electric fields will be measured by the controller, so as to achieve the purpose of contact positioning.
Kunlun Tongtai touch screen - classification and working principle of capacitive touch screen


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