1. Safety precautions
1. The primary requirement is to have certain electrical professional knowledge, and understand the job site, understand the equipment status, and have certain electrical operation technology.
2. Determine the voltage level of the equipment (such as low-voltage AC380V), whether it is low-voltage equipment, and verify whether the equipment is live.
3. When working with electricity, you need to wear insulated shoes, insulated gloves, or stand on a dry wooden board. When working with electricity, it is necessary to wear insulated shoes, insulating gloves, or standing on a dry wooden board, and the tools used must have good insulation protection, and should not touch the power supply and metal frame of different phases.
4. In the event of a power outage, it is necessary to process the operation ticket, carry out the power outage, check the electricity, install the grounding wire and install the safety fence or hang the safety cordon.
5. When carrying out low-voltage equipment or line operations, more than two people are required to carry out the operation, and full-time personnel are set up to supervise them.
2. Precautions for installation
1 Device Environment
(1) Ambient temperature
Reynolds inverters are the same as other electronic equipment, and have certain requirements for the ambient temperature, generally "-10-+40°C". Because the inverter is a high-power electronic equipment, it is very easy to be affected by the operating temperature, but in order to ensure the safety and reliability of the inverter, the use of the inverter should be considered to leave room for control, below 40 °C; Derating between 40 and 50°C, the additional output current must be reduced by 1% for every 1°C increase. If the ambient temperature is too high and the temperature changes greatly, the insulation of the inverter will be greatly reduced, which will affect the life of the inverter.
(2) Ambient humidity
Reynolds inverters have the same requirements for ambient humidity as other electrical equipment, and the relative humidity of the surrounding air of the inverter is ≤ 95% (no condensation), and desiccant and heater must be added to the inverter cabinet if necessary according to the on-site operating environment.
(3) Oscillation and shock
During the operation of the Reynolds inverter, attention should be paid to avoid oscillation and impact. As we all know, the inverter is assembled by welding, screw connection and other methods. When the inverter or the control cabinet equipped with the inverter is subjected to mechanical oscillation or impact, it will cause solder joints, screws and other connecting equipment or connectors to loosen or fall off, causing poor electrical contact and even serious problems such as inter-temporal short circuit. Therefore, in addition to improving the mechanical strength of the control cabinet and keeping away from the oscillation source and impact source, the inverter should also be equipped with an anti-seismic rubber gasket outside the control cabinet, and a buffer rubber pad should be installed between the equipment and the device board in the control cabinet to absorb the shock.
Generally, after the equipment has been running for a period of time, the control cabinet should be inspected and protected.
(4) Electrical environment
Avoid electromagnetic disturbances
The electrical body of Reynolds inverter is the hardware and software circuit of the power module and its control system, and when these components and software programs are subjected to certain electromagnetic disturbances, hardware circuit failure, software program flying and other operation accidents will occur. Therefore, in order to avoid electromagnetic disturbance, the inverter should have a way to avoid electromagnetic disturbance according to the electrical environment in which it is located. For example, the input power line, output motor line, and control line should be far away; Simply affected equipment and signal lines should be kept away from the inverter device as much as possible; Shielded cables should be used for critical signal lines, and it is recommended that the shielding layer be grounded by 360° grounding method.
Avoid overvoltage at the input
The main circuit of the Reynolds inverter is composed of power electronic equipment, which is very sensitive to overvoltage, and the overvoltage at the input end of the inverter will cause damage to the main components. For example, some factories have their own generators for power supply, and the power grid will fluctuate greatly, so there should be measures to prevent overvoltage at the input end of the inverter.
(5) Altitude
Reynolds frequency inverter units are capable of producing additional power at altitudes of up to 1000 m. But at an altitude of more than 1000m, its output power will decrease. If the altitude of the inverter device address is compared with the output current, it can be seen that the altitude exceeds 1000m, and the output current of the inverter is reduced, and the output current is 40% when the altitude is 4000m, and the output current is 1000m.
(6) Other environments
Avoid the inverter installation in the place where rain drops or condensation;
Avoid the intrusion of dust, cotton wool and metal shavings;
Avoid the inverter device in the occasion of oil pollution and salt;
Keep away from radioactive materials and combustibles.
2.2 Device method and heat dissipation treatment
The inverter has power loss during operation and converts it into heat energy, which increases its own temperature. Roughly speaking, the power loss of every 1kVA inverter capacity is about 40W-50W. Therefore, when installing the inverter, it is necessary to consider the heat dissipation problem of the inverter, and how to fully dissipate the heat generated during the operation of the inverter, so it is necessary to pay attention to the device method.
(1) Wall-mounted device
The housing design of the Reynolds inverter is relatively strong, and in general, it is promised to be installed directly on the wall, which is called wall-mounted. In order to ensure good ventilation, it is necessary for all inverters to be straightened, and the interval between the inverter and the surrounding objects should meet the following conditions, more than 100mm on both sides, and more than 150mm on the top and bottom, and in order to avoid debris falling into the air outlet of the inverter to block the air duct, a baffle is installed above the air outlet of the inverter.
(2) Cabinet device method
When there is too much dust on the site, the humidity is relatively large, or there are many peripheral accessories of the inverter, and the demand and the inverter device are together, the cabinet device can be selected. The inverter cabinet device is an excellent device method at present, because it can play a good role in shielding radiation disturbance, and can also prevent dust, moisture, and light. Precautions for the cabinet device method:
When a single inverter chooses the cooling method in the cabinet, the top of the inverter cabinet should be equipped with an exhaust cooling fan, and try to install it directly above the inverter (so as to facilitate air circulation);
Multiple inverter devices should be installed side by side as much as possible, and if it is necessary to choose a longitudinal method device, a partition should be installed between the two inverters.
3. Wiring of Reynolds inverter
3.1 Main circuit wiring
(1) Reynolds inverter three-phase communication input terminal (R, S, T)
The power input terminal is connected to the three-phase communication power supply through the circuit breaker of the circuit breaker for line protection, regardless of the connection phase sequence. It should be noted here that the three-phase communication power supply cannot be directly connected to the output terminal of the inverter, otherwise it will cause damage to the internal equipment of the inverter.
(2) The output terminal of the three-phase communication output terminal (U, V, W) of Reynolds inverter should be connected to the motor in the correct phase sequence, if the direction of the motor is wrong, the arbitrary two-phase in the exchange (U, V, W) can be done, and the parameters of the inverter can also be set to complete. It is important to note that the output cannot be connected to phase capacitors and surge absorbers.
(3) DC reactor connection terminal (DC+. P+）
The DC reactor connection terminal is connected to the DC reactor for improving the power factor, and there is a short-circuit conductor connected to the terminal, and the short-circuit conductor must be taken out first when the DC reactor is used.
Note: When the DC reactor is not used, the conductor does not need to be removed.
(4) Brake unit connection terminal (DC+. BK）
Generally, the low-power inverter (RNB300/6000.75-11kw) has a built-in braking unit (the braking resistance is required to be external), while the braking unit and braking resistor above 15kw are required to be external.
(5) DC power input terminal (DC+, DC-)
The DC input terminals of the external braking unit are respectively positive for the DC bus. Negative electrode.
(6) Ground Terminal (PE)
Reynolds drives generate leakage currents, and the higher the carrier frequency, the greater the leakage current. The leakage current of the inverter is greater than 3.5mA, and the size of the leakage current is determined by the operating conditions, so it is necessary to ground the inverter and the motor in order to ensure safety.
3.2 Precautions
(1) The ground resistance should be less than 10Ω. The wire diameter requirements of the grounding cable should be determined according to the size of the power of the inverter;
(2) Do not share the grounding wire with the welding machine and other power equipment;
(3) If the power supply line is shared by zero ground, consider laying the ground wire separately;
(4) If multiple inverters are grounded, they should be connected to the ground respectively, and the grounding wire should not form a loop
3.3 Wiring of the terminal of the control loop
(1) Because the overcurrent of the low-voltage inverter control loop cable is generally very small, the scale standard of the control loop cable can be standardized, in order to avoid the misoperation caused by disturbance, the control loop connection line should be selected stranded shielded wire;
(2) Laying of control line and main circuit cable
The control line of Reynolds inverter is separated from the main circuit cable or other power cables, and is as far away as possible from the main circuit more than 100mm; Try not to lay the main circuit cable in parallel, and not to intersperse the main circuit, when it is necessary to intersperse, the method of straight interspersing should be adopted.
(3) Shielding of cables
The shielding of Reynolds drive cables can be made with grounded metal pipes or shielded cables. One end of the shield is connected to the common end of the inverter control circuit (com), but not to the ground end of the inverter (PE), and the other end of the shield is suspended.
(4) Switching control line
The switching control line of the Reynolds inverter promises not to use shielded wires, but it is necessary to twist two wires of the same signal together, and the stranding distance of the stranded wires should be as small as possible. And connect the shield layer to the ground terminal E of the inverter, and the length of the signal line cable shall not exceed 50m.
(5) Grounding of the control circuit
The wire of the weak voltage and current circuit is grounded at one point, and the grounding wire is not used as a circuit for transmitting signals;
The grounding of the wire is carried out on the inverter side, and a special grounding terminal is used, which is not shared with other grounding terminals
4. Lightning protection of frequency converter
The lightning protection method of Reynolds inverter equipment is another important peripheral method to ensure the safe operation of the inverter, especially in the lightning active area or lively season, this problem is particularly important.
Today's inverter products are generally equipped with a lightning absorption network, which is mainly used to avoid damage to the inverter due to instantaneous lightning intrusion. However, in practical operations, especially in the case of overhead introduction of power lines, the lightning absorption network that comes with the inverter alone is not satisfactory, and it is also necessary to set up a special lightning arrester for the inverter. The specific methods are:
(1) A special surge arrester for frequency conversion can be installed at the power supply inlet (optional);
(2) Or according to the requirements of the specification, the embedded steel pipe at a distance of 20m from the inverter is used for special grounding protection;
(3) If the power supply is imported by cable, the lightning protection system of the control room should be done to prevent lightning from entering and damaging the equipment.
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