Types of ball valves and their advantages
Ball valve and plug valve are the same type of valves, only its closing part is a ball, and the ball rotates around the center line of the valve body to achieve opening and closing.
Ball valves are mainly used in pipelines to cut off, distribute and change the flow direction of the medium.
It has the following advantages:
1. The fluid resistance is small, and its resistance coefficient is equal to that of the pipe section of the same length.
2. Simple structure, small size and light weight.
3. Tight and reliable, at present, the sealing surface material of the ball valve is widely used plastic, with good sealing, and it has also been widely used in vacuum systems.
4. Easy to operate, fast opening and closing, from full open to full closed, only need to rotate 90°, easy to control from long distance.
5. Easy maintenance, ball valve structure is simple, the sealing ring is generally movable, and it is more convenient to disassemble and replace.
6. When fully open or fully closed, the sealing surface of the ball and the valve seat is isolated from the medium, and the erosion of the sealing surface of the valve will not be caused when the medium passes.
7. Wide range of application, from small to a few millimeters to several meters, from high vacuum to high pressure can be applied.
Ball valves have been widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, power generation, papermaking, atomic energy, aviation, rockets and other departments, as well as people's daily life.
Ball valves can be divided into the following according to the structural form:
1. Floating ball ball valve
The ball of the ball valve is floating, and under the action of medium pressure, the ball can produce a certain displacement and press on the sealing surface of the outlet end to ensure that the outlet end is sealed.
The structure of the floating ball valve is simple and the sealing is good, but the load of the working medium borne by the ball is all transmitted to the outlet sealing ring, so it is necessary to consider whether the sealing ring material can withstand the working load of the ball medium. This structure is widely used in medium and low pressure ball valves.
2. Fixed ball valve
The ball body of the ball valve is fixed and does not move when pressurized. Fixed ball valves are equipped with floating seats, and after being pressured by the medium, the valve seats move to make the sealing ring press against the ball to ensure sealing. Bearings are usually installed on the upper and lower shafts with the ball, and the operating torque is small, which is suitable for high-pressure and large-diameter valves.
In order to reduce the operating torque of the ball valve and increase the reliability of the seal, in recent years, the oil-sealed ball valve has appeared, which not only presses special lubricating oil between the sealing surfaces to form a layer of oil film, which enhances the sealing and reduces the operating torque, which is more suitable for high-pressure large-diameter ball valves.
3. Elastic ball valve
The ball and the seat seal ring are made of metal materials, and the specific pressure of the seal is very large, and the pressure of the medium itself can not meet the requirements of the seal, and external force must be applied. This valve is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure media.
An elastic sphere is an elastic groove that is made at the lower end of the inner wall of the sphere to obtain elasticity. When the channel is closed, the wedge-shaped head of the stem is used to open the ball and press the seat to achieve a seal. Loosen the wedge head before turning the ball, and the ball will return to its original shape, resulting in a small gap between the ball and the seat, which can reduce friction and operating torque on the sealing surface.
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