Composition and classification of sensors – Turck

Create Date: 2024-8-30 12:03:23|Source: TURCK/TURCK

1. Composition of the sensor

A sensor typically consists of a sensitive element, a conversion element, and a basic conversion circuit, as shown in Figure 1. A sensitive element is an element that can sensitively feel the scene being measured and respond to a definite relationship; The conversion element is a component that converts the measured and measured touch of the sensitive element into circuit parameters (such as resistance, inductance and capacitance) or electricity (such as voltage and current); The basic conversion circuit is a circuit that converts the output of the conversion element into a circuit that facilitates the transmission and processing of electricity.

Some sensors can only be composed of a sensitive element and a conversion element, while some sensors can be combined with a sensitive element and a conversion element, the simplest sensor is composed of a sensitive element (and a conversion element), which can directly output power when the touch is measured, such as thermocouples, piezoelectric crystals, photocells, etc.

                           Composition and classification of sensors – Turck

2. Classification of sensors

There are many types of sensors and many ways to classify them, but here are just two of the most commonly used.

(1) Classification according to the measured physical quantity. Sensors include displacement sensors, proximity sensors, speed sensors, temperature sensors, force sensors, torque sensors, pressure sensors and acceleration sensors. This classification method directly indicates the usefulness of the sensor, corresponding to the various types of information to be measured that users and sensor manufacturers are concerned about, so that users can understand and select the sensor.

(2) Classification according to the principle of operation. Sensors include resistive sensors, capacitive sensors, inductive sensors, piezoelectric sensors, Hall sensors, photoelectric sensors, etc. This classification method is based on the operating principle of the sensor, which is conducive to the understanding and research of various sensors and their detection principles.

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