The circuit breaker insulation incident can be divided into the internal insulation terminal and the external insulation incident. The hazards caused by internal insulation incidents are generally greater than those of external insulation.
(1) Internal insulation incidents
The internal insulation end mainly has the casing and current transformer incident, and the main reason is that the water is damp; This is followed by deterioration of oil quality and lack of oil quantity. There are also problems with the insulation quality of some main insulators.
(2) External insulation incidents
The external insulation incident is mainly due to the flashover of the circuit breaker and the blasting incident caused by pollution flashover and lightning strike. The main reason for the pollution flashing is that the leakage distance of the porcelain bottle is small, which is not suitable for use in dirty areas; The second is the oil leakage and oil leakage of the circuit breaker, which simply accumulates dirt on the porcelain skirt and causes flashover.
(3) Breaking and closing functions
The opening and closing mission is the most severe detection of circuit breakers. The on-site calculation indicates that due to the serious breaking and closing conditions, the probability of occurrence in operation is small, so the proportion of general circuit breaker breaking and closing function incidents is not large. The primary reason for the vast majority of breaking and closing incidents is that the circuit breaker has obvious mechanical shortcomings, followed by lack of oil or oil quality that does not meet the requirements. It is also due to the lack of circuit breaker breaking ability. However, there are many of the former, because there are an appropriate number of events generated from the small capacity of the division and combination, and even the distribution and combination of load current. For example, the secondary circuit breaker SW2-60G type of the No. 1 main transformer of a substation, when the 63kV bus is closed with a ground wire, and when the circuit breaker trips and coincides, the two-phase porcelain sleeves of B and C burst and the well blows out and catches fire. After accounting, the short-circuit capacity of the first breaking is 1500MVA, and after 4.5s coincidence, the breaking capacity is only 600MVA, which is much lower than the nameplate capacity of 2500MVA, so it does not belong to the lack of breaking capacity. This type of circuit breaker originally had the disadvantage of cap injection during normal operation. This circuit breaker was originally processed and perfected by the operating unit itself, and it is doubtful whether the size and position of the exhaust hole are correct, and whether it is blocked after installation.
(4) Incidents of poor conductive function
The reason for the small proportion of the defective function in the circuit breaker is that: (1) the actual load current of most circuit breakers is much less than its rated value; (2) The conductive function in the stopped state is simple and secured.
The analysis of the on-site incident calculation data shows that the poor conductive function is mainly caused by mechanical defects. Among them: (1) Poor touch. Including unclean touch surface, lack of touch size and touch pressure; (2) Dropping and jamming. Such as copper-tungsten contacts dropping, etc.; (3) The screw is loose at the touch; (4) Soft connection breakage, etc.
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