Hydraulic pumps can be divided into four types according to their working principle, the details are as follows.
1. Gear pump
The volume is smaller, the structure is simpler, the cleanliness of the oil is not strict, and the price is cheaper; However, the pump shaft is subject to unbalanced force, severe wear and tear, and large leakage.
When the gear rotates, in the A cavity, the volume gradually increases due to the disengagement of the gear teeth, forming a vacuum to absorb oil from the oil tank, and the oil filled in the tooth groove is brought to the B cavity with the rotation of the gear, and in the B cavity, due to the meshing of the gear teeth, the volume gradually decreases, and the hydraulic oil is discharged The change of the closing volume formed by the teeth and the pump casing is used to complete the function of the pump.
2. Vane pump
It is divided into double-effect vane pumps and single-effect vane pumps. This kind of pump has uniform flow, stable operation, low noise, higher operating pressure and volumetric power than gear pumps, and more chaotic structure than gear pumps.
As the rotor rotates, the blades are pressed against the inner surface of the stator by centrifugal force and pressure oil. The operating volume constituted by the two blades and the inner surface of the rotor and the stator is first from small to large oil absorption and then from large to small oil discharge, when the blades rotate for one week, the end of two oil absorption and two oil discharge The volume between the blades inserted into the rotor groove is changed to complete the effect of the pump.
3. Piston pump
The volumetric power is high, the leakage is small, and it can operate under high pressure, and is mostly used in high-power hydraulic systems; However, the structure is messy, the material and processing accuracy are high, the price is expensive, and the cleanliness of the oil is required. Generally, piston pumps are used when gear pumps and vane pumps cannot meet the requirements. There are some other ways of hydraulic pumps, such as progressive cavity pumps, etc., but the application is not as widespread as the above 3 types.
The plunger pump is composed of a cylinder and a plunger, the plunger moves reciprocating in the cylinder, absorbs oil when the working volume increases, and discharges oil when the operating volume decreases. The radial load is balanced by the large bearing around the outer circumference of the cylinder to limit the skew of the cylinder block, and the flow distribution plate is used to distribute the current moving shaft, which only transmits the torque, and the shaft diameter is small. Due to the skewed torque of the cylinder block, the production accuracy is required to be high, otherwise it is easy to damage the distribution plate.
4. Screw pump
One driving screw and two driven screws mesh with each other, and the meshing lines of the three screws divide the spiral groove into several sealing volumes. When the screw rotates, the sealing volume moves along the axial direction to complete the oil suction and oil discharge Using the movement of the internal volume of the screw groove, the effect of the pump can not be variable, no flow pulsation, and the radial load is smaller than that of the twin-screw type, with large size and large mass.
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Compared with ordinary hydraulic components, proportional valves have the following characteristics:
（ ...
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